CHY4U - Unit 3 Lesson 1: The Process to Industralization

The beginings of The Industrial revolution(s) of the 19th century in Europe.

The Industrial Revolution

• Engine of Historical Change

• that significantly transformed economies, societies, and technologies in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, marking a shift from traditional agricultural societies to industrialized ones.

• Changed Economical and Social structure in Europe forever

The Congress of Vienna (Post Napoleon Death)

• Goal = Stabilization and Gathering of Nations

• Brought dramatic and rapid change

• Peace between states for the next 100 years (Until WWI)

Theme of the 19th Century

“Peace between states and conflict within states”

How the Government Changed in the 19th Century (1800’s)

• New political solutions for new social and economic conditions

• Developed new solutions to issues (Ex: Suffrage, Child Working Laws)

Utopian Socialism:

A socialist philosophy advocating for ideal communities that operate on cooperative principles, promoting social equality and addressing societal issues through reformative measures.

Socialism/ Socialists

• Restrictive society to avoid exploitation

• political and economic ideology advocating for collective ownership and democratic control of the means of production.

Liberalism

• Rational Beings: Government protects indivisual rights to pursue interets

• Opposed to absolute rule

• Little to no government intervention

Conservatism

• Less Optimistic

• People incapable of persuing self-interests

• Government provides stabillity

• Opposed to Change

• Strong central government

• Government Intervention

Marxism

A political and economic theory developed by Karl Marx and Frederich Engels advocating for a classless society and the abolition of private property through revolutionary means.

Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution

The profound effects on society, including urbanization, changes in labor conditions, the rise of the working and middle classes, and shifts in family dynamics and social structures.

Technology and Society (Effects from Industrial Revolution)

• Social interactions

• economic practices

• Cultural norms

  Were fundamentally altered by advancements in technology, leading to increased productivity and changes in daily life.

Conditions of work in the industrial revolution

Harsh and unsafe labor environments faced by workers, including long hours, low wages, and minimal rights. These conditions spurred various labor movements and reforms.

What country Industrialized first?

Britain was the first country to industrialize, beginning in the late 18th century, which led to significant changes in economic and social structures.

Reasons why Great Britain Industrialized first

Great Britain's industrialization was driven by several factors, including access to natural resources like coal and iron, a stable political environment, a strong naval presence for trade, and significant innovations in technology and manufacturing.

The main Industries (Of the Industrial Revolution)

Included textiles, steel, coal mining, and railways, and steam, which transformed economies and social structures during the period. These industries were pivotal in driving mass production and fostering urbanization.

Significance of the Railways

• improving transportation of goods and people,

• facilitating trade

• promoted urbanization

• Played a crucial role in connecting markets and reducing transit times, ultimately boosting economic growth.

These countries had majr Industrial Progress in Europe (3)

• Germany

• France

• Britain

These Countries had minor industrial progress in Europe

• Russia

• Austria

• Italy

• Belgium

These countries FAILED to Industrialize:

• Spain

• Portugal

• Turkey

The Textile industry:

• First to go mechanilized

  • Iinvolved the mass production of cloth and fabrics, significantly increasing output and efficiency.

• Included the production of the ‘Flying Shuttle"‘ by John Kay and the ‘Spinning Jenny’ by James Hargreaves

• Cotton goods made up a large component of Britain’s Exports (46%) during the Industrial Revolution.