African Civilizations and Geography

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the civilizations, geography, and cultural exchanges in Africa.

Gold and Salt Trade

The primary economic exchange in West African kingdoms where gold was exported and salt was imported.

Sahara Desert

The largest hot desert in the world, covering approximately 40% of Africa.

Savanna

A grassland ecosystem characterized by scattered trees and consistent rainfall suitable for farming and animal herding.

Mali Empire

A large territorial empire in West Africa that flourished during the 13th and 14th centuries, known for its wealth in gold.

Mansa Musa

A prominent ruler of the Mali Empire known for his significant pilgrimage to Mecca and for expanding the empire's boundaries.

Songhai Empire

The largest civilization in West Africa from 1450 to 1600, known for controlling important trade routes and its efficient bureaucracy.

Ghana Empire

An early West African kingdom that flourished from 800 to 1000 CE, made wealthy by the trans-Saharan gold trade.

Timbuktu

A key city in the Mali Empire that became a center of learning and trade.

Sundial

A military leader of the Mali Empire known for conquering Ghana and expanding the empire's influence.

Geographic Zones of Africa

Distinct climatic areas in Africa, including mild climates, deserts, rainforests, and savannas, affecting human activity and agriculture.

Interpreting Maps

The skill of analyzing geographical data to understand territorial distribution, resources, and climate impact on food production.

Islamic Influence

The impact of Islamic traders and merchants on West African kingdoms, introducing new cultural ideas and gaining power in governance.

Koumbi Saleh

The capital city of the ancient Ghana Empire, known for its centralized government and trade.

Plateaus

Raised, flat areas of land commonly found in Africa, affecting local climate and agriculture.

Mughal Empire

A historical empire that ruled much of India from 1526 to 1857, involving a blend of Hindu and Islamic cultures.

Cultural Exchange

The sharing and blending of cultural practices, notably between Islamic and local African traditions.