Animal Diversity Lecture

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding animal diversity, characteristics, and classification from the lecture notes.

All animals are __, indicating that they obtain energy and organic molecules by ingesting other organisms.

Heterotrophs

Animals are __; originally, unicellular heterotrophs were considered simple animals but are now grouped in Protists.

Multicellular

Animal cells lack __, which makes them more flexible compared to other organisms.

Rigid cell walls

The two main types of __ in animals are radial and bilateral.

Symmetry

In __ symmetry, the body has a distinct right and left half, with sensory structures usually located at one end, called cephalization.

Bilateral

The first embryonic opening in protostomes turns into the __, while in deuterostomes, it turns into the anus.

Mouth

The three germ layers during embryonic development are ectoderm, endoderm, and __.

Mesoderm

Animals classified as __ lack true tissues and are organized differently than eumetazoans.

Parazoans

Cnidarians can have two body forms: __, which are cylindrical and have mouths facing upwards, and medusa, which are umbrella-shaped with mouths on one side.

Polyp

Flatworms, classified in the phylum __, are commonly known as soft-bodied animals that are flattened and bilateral in symmetry.

Platyhelminthes

Molluscs have a complete __ system and are coelomates.

Digestive

In arthropods, the __ is primarily composed of chitin and provides protection, prevents desiccation, and serves as muscle attachment.

Exoskeleton

The circulatory system of arthropods is described as __, where blood is pumped into cavities.

Open

Nematodes are characterized by having a complete __ system and a body cavity that is incompletely lined.

Digestive

The class of Cnidarians that includes sea anemones and corals is called __.

Anthozoa

Box jellies belong to the class __ of Cnidarians and are known for their potent venom.

Cubozoa

Segmented worms, like earthworms, belong to the phylum __, which exhibits a fluid-filled coelom for movement.

Annelida