9.2 key concepts of civil law

plaintiff

a party who make a legal claim against another party

defendant

aparty who is alleged to have breached a civil law

sue

to take civil action against another person

loss

a type of harm or damage suffered by a person it can involve both economic or non economoic loss

breach

the breaking of or failure to fulfil or comply wiht a duty or obligation

breach

in most types of civil law claims, the plaintiff has to prove that there has been a breach by the defendant

causation

the direct realtionship between one event to another event

causation

must prove that the defendant’s actions caused or resulted in the harm suffered by the plaintiff, and that

the harm would not have occurred if the defendant had not acted in the way they did

loss

ecoomic , finicial loss) property damage) personal injury) pain and suffering) loss of ametity

limitation of actions

the restriction on

bringing a civil law

claim after the

allowed time

limited actions

For almost all civil claims, there is a time period within which a wronged party can sue the wrongdoer.

This is known as the limitation of actions.

types of limitation claims

Breach of contract

Under tort law

Under tort law where there is personal injury consisting of

a disease or a disorder

Defamation

An action to recover arrears of rent

burden proof

Breach of contract

Under tort law

Under tort law where there is personal injury consisting of

a disease or a disorder

Defamation

An action to recover arrears of rent

counter claim

this is a claim made by the defendant against the plaintiffs claim

standard of proof

the degree or extent to which a case must be proven in court

balance of probabilites

the standard of proof in civil disputes, the plainffs must porve the case on a balance of probablities