chapter 7 lecture Notes on Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on cellular respiration, including ATP production, aerobic and anaerobic processes, and glycolysis.

What is ATP and its function in the body?

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the energy currency of the cell, providing energy for cellular processes.

What is brown fat and its primary function in babies?

Brown fat generates heat to keep babies warm and does not produce ATP.

What is aerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to harvest energy (ATP).

How much ATP is produced from one glucose molecule during cellular respiration?

32 ATP molecules are produced from the breakdown of one glucose molecule.

What is anaerobic respiration?

Anaerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen, resulting in fermentation.

What are the two types of fermentation?

The two types of fermentation are lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.

What is the main process that occurs in glycolysis?

Glycolysis is the enzymatic breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules, producing some ATP and NADH.

What happens to NADH during lactic acid fermentation?

NADH is oxidized back to NAD+ and converts pyruvate into lactic acid.

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, driving the production of ATP.

What term describes the movement of electrons creating ATP via a gradient?

Chemiosmosis is the process where the hydrogen gradient drives ATP synthesis.