A&P1 Connective Tissues (Tissues 3)

• Cells far apart

  • at least two different cell types

• Highly Vascularized

• Contains large amounts of extracellular matrix

• Classified based on type of extracellular matrix and function

• Extracellular matrix contains 3 components (in varying amounts)

  • protein fibers, ground substance, fluid

    • Ground substance: proteins and sugars

What are the characteristics of Connective Tissues?

Classified based on type of extracellular matrix and function

How are Connective Tissues Classified?

protein fibers

ground substance

fluid

3 components of the extracellular matrix?

Ground substance

Protein and sugars are?

Collagen and Elastic Fibers

What are typically considered protein fibers?

Loose

Dense

Adipose

What are the 3 types of Ordinary Connective Tissue?

1. Loose (areolar) connective tissue

2. Adipose tissue

3. Dense connective tissue

4. Cartilage

5. Bone

6. Blood

What are the 6 types of connective tissues?

Collagen = strength

Elastic = elasticity

Loose (areolar) connective tissue

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue

Collagen fibers are densely connected and packed together. They run parallel.

Dense Irregular Connective Tissues

• Densely packed, randomly arranged, collagen fibers and few visible cells.

  • Withstands unpredictable stresses

  • Deeper layer of skin; capsules around organs

Adipose Tissue

Type of tissue?

Adipocytes

Fat cells are called? They are one big cell with a fat droplet. Provide cushion and energy storage.

• Cartilage

• Bone

• Blood

What are the 3 specialized connective tissues?

Cartilage

• Composed of chondrocytes

• Contains collagen

• Withstands compressions

• Provides support, flexibility, strength

Chondrocytes

What is collagen composed of?

1. Hyaline Cartilage

2. Fibrocartilage

3. Elastic Cartilage

What are 3 types of Cartilage?

Hyaline Cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Elastic Cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Elastic Cartilage

Bone

• Composed of osteocytes

  • The matrix is made of calcium phosphate

Bone

Know the Lacuna and Central Canal

Bone

Know the Lacuna and Central Canal

Blood

• Liquid matrix: Plasma - 90% Water

• Erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

  • Transport food, oxygen, waste, hormones

What does the White Blood Cell look like?

What does the Red Blood Cell look like?

Hyaline Cartilage

Structure:

Collagen fibers are small and evenly dispersed in the matrix, making the matrix appear transparent; the cartilage cells, or chondrocytes, are found in spaces, or lacunae, within the firm but flexible matrix.

Hyaline Cartilage

Function:

Allows growth of long bones; provides rigidity with some flexibility in the trachea, bronchi, ribs, and nose.

Forms rugged, smooth, yet somewhat flexible articulating surfaces; forms the embryonic skeleton.

Hyaline Cartilage

Location:

Growing long bones, cartilage rings of the respiratory system, costal cartilage of ribs, nasal cartilages, articulating surface of bones, and the embryonic skeleton

Fibrocartilage

Structure:

Collagen fibers similar to those in hyaline cartilage.

The fibers are more numerous than in other cartilages and are arranged in thick bundles.

Fibrocartilage

Function:

Somewhat flexible and capable of withstanding considerable pressure.

Connects structure subjected to great pressure.

Fibrocartilage

Location:

Intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis, and articular disks (e.g., knees and temporomandibular (jaw joints).

Elastic Cartilage

Structure:

Similar to hyaline cartilage, but matrix also contains elastic fibers.

Elastic Cartilage

Function:

Provides rigidity with even more flexibility than hyaline cartilage because elastic fibers return to their original shape after being stretched.

Elastic Cartilage

Location:

External ears, epiglottis, and auditory tubes.