Anatomy and Physiology Brain

Brain Stem

Regulates involuntary actions

Medulla Oblongata

conects spinal cord to brain; cardiac, respiratory, vasomotor control center

Pons

respiration control; links cerebrum and cerebellum

Midbrain

auditory and visual reflex center, location where pain is registered

Cerebellum

muscle coordination and integration

Superior peduncle

carries efferent information to the mibrain and thalamus

Middle peduncle

transmits info from cerebral cortex about desired position of body parts

Inferior peduncle

brings sensory information concerning actual positions of body parts to cerebellum via spinal cord and medulla oblongata

Dentate nuclei

the cerebellar nuclei of the lateral hemisphere involved in motor planning

Thalamus

the structure of the brain that relays messages from the sense organs to the cerebral cortex

Hypothalamus

integrates involuntary response and links nerves and endocrine system

Parietal lobe

provides sensations of temperature, touch, pressure and pain

Frontal lobe

motor areas control movements of voluntary skeletal muscles

Temporal lobe

sensory area responsible for hearing

Occipital lobe

sensory area responsible for vision

Insula

perception of bodily sensations, emotional states, empathy, and addictive behavior

Longitudinal fissure

separates right and left hemispheres

Central Sulcus

separates frontal and parietal lobe

Lateral fissure

separates frontal and temporal lobe

Parietaooccipital fissure

separates parietal and occipital lobes

Corpus callosum

connects right and left sides of cerebrum, allows communication

Basal Nuclei ganglia

caudate nucleus

lentiform nucleus

amygdaliod nucleus

grey matter inside cerebrum, central centers

relay center from cortex to spinal cord

important in starting, stopping an monitoring movements made by cortex

regulate dopamine levels

Somatic sensory area

primary area for general somatic senses, integrate impulses with association areas

Somatic motor area

central voluntary muscles

Sensory association area

makes sense of impulses

Broca's area

motor speech area

Wernicke's area

sensory speech area

Visual cortex

receives impulses from the eyes

Visual association area

help interpret what you see

Auditory association area

temporal lobe, process impulses from ears

Premotor, prefrontal

concentration, planning, problem solving, general association areas