ANSC220 - Sensory (Exam #2)

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74 Terms

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Nictitating Membrane

Third eyelid that helps clean out and protect eye

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Granula Iridica

Reduces glare and increases visual clarity

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Tapetum Lacidum

Green reflective material in the back of the eye; Found in cats

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Retina

Rod and cone cells; Where light information is collected and sent

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Choriod

Collection of blood cells in the eye

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Vitreous Humor

Gel-like substance in vitreous chamber of eye

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Cornea

First area of eye that light travels through

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Iris

Smooth muscle that allows eye to change size pupil

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Lens

Reflects light onto back of retina; Changes shape to accomodate distance of light

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Ciliary Body

Smooth muscle connected to lens by suspensory ligaments that changes shape of lens

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Pupillary Constriction

Parasympathetic circular muscle

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Pupillary dilation

Sympathetic radial muscle

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Rod cells

Provide light vision based on intensity, not color

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Cone cells

Provide color vision

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Rhodopsin photopigment

Absorbs all wavelengths of light

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Scotopsin Photopigment

Detects red, green, and blue wavelengths

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Semicircular Canals

Detect changes in head position and acceleration of head

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Ampulla

Flaring out ends of semicircular canals

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Cupula

Tissue that sticks up in ampulla that contains hair cells

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Otolith organs

Detect changes in head position and linear acceleration

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Otoliths

Provide weight to fluid overlaying hair cells

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2 Otolith organs

Utricle and Saccule

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Tympanic Membrane

Vibrates in response to sound waves; Provides sound intensity and pitch information

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Intensity

Loudness of sound; Depends on sound wave amplitude (height)

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Pitch

Tone of sound; Depends on sound wave frequency

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Ossicles

Three small bones in mammals that transfer vibrations from tympanic membrane to cochlea oval window

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Columella

One bone in reptiles/amphibians/birds that transfers vibrations from tympanic membrane to cochlea oval window

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Order of Ossicles

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

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Cochlea

Coiled tubular system with three fluid-filled compartments

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Scala Vestibuili

Upper compartment of cochlea

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Scala media/Cochlear duct

Middle compartment of cochlea

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Scala tympani

Lower compartment of cochlea

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Organ of Corti

On top of basilar membrane in cochlear duct; Provides sense of hearing by transforming vibrations into action potentials

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Gustatory cells

Chemoreceptors found in tongue

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How many cells per taste bud?

50

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Olfactory neurons

Chemoreceptor; Only type of neuron in mammals to undergo cell division during adult life

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Olfactory Glomeruli

Mitral cells where olfactory neurons synapse

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Olfactory neuron action potentials increase/decrease with concentration of odor molecule.

Increase

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Vomeronasal Organ (VMO)

Additional sense organ in mammals and reptiles; Causes reproductive/social behaviors by reception of pheromones

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Flehming Response

Opening the nasal passages so that pheromones stimulate VMO

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Suspensory Ligament

A

<p>A</p>
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Ciliary Body

B

<p>B</p>
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Iris

C

<p>C</p>
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Pupil

D

<p>D</p>
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Lens

E

<p>E</p>
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Cornea

F

<p>F</p>
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Aqueous Humor

G

<p>G</p>
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Vitreous Humor

H

<p>H</p>
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Vitreous Chamber and Body

I

<p>I</p>
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Choroid

J

<p>J</p>
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Retina

K

<p>K</p>
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Sclera

L

<p>L</p>
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Optic Disc (“Bind spot”)

M

<p>M</p>
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Optic Nerve

N

<p>N</p>
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Optic Disc

O

<p>O</p>
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Malleus

A

<p>A</p>
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Incus

B

<p>B</p>
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Scala Vestibuli

C

<p>C</p>
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Cochlear Duct

D

<p>D</p>
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Cochlea

E

<p>E</p>
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Organ of Corti

F

<p>F</p>
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Basilar Membrane

G

<p>G</p>
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Scala Tympani

H

<p>H</p>
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Tympanic Membrane

J

<p>J</p>
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Semicircular Canals

A

<p>A</p>
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Ampulla

B

<p>B</p>
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Vestibular Apparatus

C

<p>C</p>
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Utricle

D

<p>D</p>
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Saccule

E

<p>E</p>
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Tympanic Membrane

A

<p>A</p>
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Ossicles

B

<p>B</p>
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Semicircular Canals

C

<p>C</p>
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Utricle and Saccule

D

<p>D</p>
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Vestibular Apparatus

E

<p>E</p>