Unit 8 - endocrine neoplasms - Part 6

Islet cell tumors are

endocrine pancreatic neoplasms

Islet cell tumors can be

functional or non functional (1/3)

benign adenomas or malignant tumors (85%)

most common functioning islet cell tumors

insulinoma (60%) and Gastrinoma (18%)

islet cell tumor

Insulinoma is hard to

visualize

Insulinoma is small ranging from

1-2 cm

Insulinoma is seen in

body or tail

Insulinoma is seen as/with

• well-encapsulated

• possible calcifications

• hypervascular

• slow growing

gastrin

aids in digestion

Gastrinoma is the 2nd most

common islet cell tumor

Gastrinoma is from excessive amounts of

gastrin

60% of Gastrinoma are

malignant

Gastrinoma are seen as

hypervascular

Adenocarcinoma​ is the most

common primary neoplasm of the pancreas

90% of all malignant pancreas tumors are

Adenocarcinoma​

Adenocarcinoma​ are concidered

fatal

Adenocarcinoma​ happens in _______ portion of gland

endocrine

Adenocarcinoma​ are commonly seen in what population

males and males over 60

what part of the pancreas is a Adenocarcinoma​ commonly seen

head

clinical symptoms of Adenocarcinoma​

• Weight loss, Malaise​

• Painless jaundice***​

• N/V​

• Pain radiating to back​

with adenocarcinoma​ the pancreas has loss of

normal parenchymal pattern

Adenocarcinoma​ is seen as a _____ defined mass in pancreas

Poorly

with Adenocarcinoma​ you will see an enlarged

CBD, GB, and PD

what affect does Adenocarcinoma​ have on surrounding structures

• Abnormal displacement: IVC, PV, SMA, SMV, & other vessels ​

• If in tail - SV

With adenocarcinoma you should check for

mets spread / tumor invasion

specific findings of adenocarcinoma

Irregular, poorly defined homogeneous or heterogeneous hypoechoic mass

specific findings of microcystic lesions

defined by well demaracated tiny cysts

specific findings of mucinous cystic tumors

Multilocular mass with septa & solid components

specific findings of choledochal cysts

• Mimic a cystic neoplasm in head of pancreas​

• May identify CBD communication

Mets in pancreas is

uncommon and found in 10% of cancer patients

mets in pancreas is from

• Melanomas​

• Breast​

• Gastrointestinal​

• Lung

most frequent pancreatic neoplasm

lymphoma

lymphoma in pancreas is a ______ mass with necrosis, _____ mass in pancreas

hypoechoic

cystic

lymphomas in pancreas will displace _______ of superior mesenteric vessels

anteriorly

with lymphoma in pancreas you will see

multiple enlarged lymph nodes in porta hepatis

enlarged lymph nodes will look like

well defines hypoechoic nodules

diabetes is a lack of insulin produced by

beta cells of Islets of Langerhans​

IDDM

insulin dependent

NIDDM

non insulin dependent

clinical signs of diabetes

• Polyuria​

• Polydipsia​

• Weight loss ​

• Hyperglycemia​

• Glycosuria

diabetes affects

eyes, kidney circulation, nervous system

with diabetes the pancreas may appear more

echogenic