AP world unit 4 flashcards

Columbian trade network

first global trade route

what were european' kings driven by?

competition/rivalries

why did the great dying happen?

because native americans didn’t have the immune systems to combat all the illnesses/diseases

how much of the population died off in the great dying?

80-90%

mercantilism

the belief that there was a fixed amount of wealth in the world, and you had to get as much of it as you could

what were the effects of mercantism?

less imports and more exports

encomienda

spanish labor system that promised the natives food, shelter, and Christianity in exchange for labor

who helped abolish the encomienda?

Bartolome de las Casas (Dominican friar)

what was the black legend?

blamed the spanish for using christianity to cover up killing the natives

who were mestizo’s?

people of mixed descent (half white half native)

what determined how high you were on the social pyramid in Spanish latin america?

how much european blood you had in you—the more the higher up you were

indentured servatude

poor europeans would sign contracts to work for someone for 7 years to pay their taxes/pay off debts

chattel slavery

people who are considered to be property of the slave owner

why was there a population growth in europe after the discovery of the americas?

because the european traders brought back high caloric foods such as potato’s and cassava

middle passage

journey slaves had to take between africa and the americas

where did most slaves go?

brazil and the Caribbean → only small percent actually went to north america

why was there a lot of racial mixing in south america?

because the conquistadors married the native population

why was there not a lot of racial mixing in north america?

because Britain sent over family units instead of single men (like spain)

examples of syncretic religions in new world

• voodoo

• Day of the dead

joint stock companies

owned by investors that would buy stocks

corporations

East india company

commercial revelation

middle class gained wealth → was able to buy luxury goods

major link in silver trade

Philippines

why did spain lose all their money?

because they spent it all on luxury goods

where id most of the worlds silver/gold end up?

china

what made spain weaken and lose power?

Since they had so much sliver and gold, when the price of that went down, they lost most of their wealth

East india companies

private trading companies that used merchant investors to raise money

One drop rule

if you had “black” skin, you were “african”, even if you were of mixed race

Inherited status

could be born a slave

cowrie shell

african currency

african slave trade led to what?

social destruction/population loss

African slave traders would sell people they…

captured during war

did africans ever sell their own people?

no

as time went on, what did more and more people start doing?

using science/reason to explain the universe

empiricism

collection of data → scientific method

King philips war (1675-1678)

last war between natives and british

bacon’s rebellion (1676-1677)

indentured servants and africans rebelling against colonial authority

Pueblos revolt (1680)

pueblo and apache natives rebelled against spain over conversion

Maroon wars (1700s)

slaves in Caribbean revolting to gain freedom

maroons

descendants of runaway slaves

Palmares

runaways from the Portuguese

What were the negative consequences of the abolishing of the encomienda system?

Spain turned to the African population to fill their labor void