Embalming Guides and limits quiz 2

R common carotid Originates at the

brachiocephalic artery bifurcation

R common carotid Terminates as it

bifurcates into the external carotid and the internal carotid

R common carotid Drainage

internal jugular

L common carotid Originates at the

aortic arch

L common carotid Terminates as it

bifurcates into the external carotid and the internal carotid

L common carotid Drainage

internal jugular

Common carotid guides Linear guide

a line from a point over the respective sternoclavicular articulation to a point over the anterior surface of the base of the respective earlobes. Sternoclavicular -> front lower earlobe

Common carotid guides Anatomical guide

posterior to the medial border of the SCM.

Behind the front of the SCM

R common carotid anatomical limit

begins at the right sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

R Sternoclavicular articulation -> top of thyroid

L common carotid anatomical limit

begins at the level of the second costal cartilage and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

2nd rib -> top of thyroid

Carotid sheath is

posterior and parallel to the SCM

Internal jugular vein is the accompanying vein of the Carotid sheath

Carotid sheath and it is Lateral and superficial

Vagus nerve is between

artery / vein and is posterior to both

From superficial →

deep: vein, artery; VA(N)

From lateral →

medial: vein, artery; V(N)A

Platysma muscle covers

most relevant structures

Omohyoid muscle crosses

anteriorly over the carotid sheath

External jugular is on the

outer surface of the SCM

SCM is anterior to the

carotid sheath

Clavicle is anterior to the

carotid sheath

Common carotid bifurcates into the

external and internal carotid arteries

External carotid artery branches to the

superficial face

Internal carotid artery does not branch until it enters the

the cranium - from there, most branches lead to the brain

Common carotid artery point of bifurcation is contained within the

anterior cervical triangle

anterior cervical triangle Contains the

common, external, and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve

anterior cervical triangle Covered by the

platysma muscle

Boundaries of the common carotid Midline of the neck (from mandible

->

sternum

Common carotid boundaries Anterior border of the

SCM

Boundaries of the common carotid Lower margin of the body of the

mandible

External carotid branches Ascending pharyngeal

pharynx

External carotid branches

Superior thyroid

thyroid

External carotid branches

Lingual

mouth

External carotid branches

Facial

mouth / superficial face

External carotid branches

Occipital

posterior neck

External carotid branches

Posterior auricular

ear

External carotid branches

Maxillary

upper jaw

External carotid branches

Superficial temporal

scalp

Internal carotid branches

Ophthalmic

eye

Internal carotid branches

Anterior cerebral

anterior brain

Internal carotid branches

Middle cerebral

midbrain

Internal carotid branches

Posterior communicating

brain

Internal carotid branches

Choroidal branches

brain

Pros of using the common carotid:

Direct distribution to the

Face

Pros of using the common carotid:

Close to the center of

arterial solution distribution and venous drainage

Pros of using the common carotid:

Ability to use

restricted cervical injection method

Pros of using the common carotid:

No branches other than

terminal

Pros of using the common carotid:

Accompanying vein is

close

Cons of using the common carotid:

Incision may be visible with

certain clothing

Cons of using the common carotid:

Tubes may leave a mark

on face

Cons of using the common carotid:

Face can be

over-injected

Common carotid incisions: Supraclavicular (anterior lateral)

incision along clavicle

Common carotid incisions:

Anterior vertical (parallel)

incision along sternocleidomastoid

Common carotid incisions:

Posterior vertical (parallel)

incision posterior to sternocleidomastoid

Common carotid incisions:

Anterior horizontal

incision at the base of the neck

Common carotid incisions:

Semilunar (flap incision)

across the upper chest in an arc

Common carotid incisions:

Strap line

incision near the shoulder that is easily concealed

Supraclavicular incision

Sternoclavicular articulation ->

directed laterally

Anterior vertical incision

Sternoclavicular articulation →

directed superiorly

Posterior vertical incision

2" below earlobe →

inferiorly toward base of neck

Anterior horizontal incision

Sternocleidomastoid →

directed posteriorly

Semilunar incision

A point lateral / superior to sternoclavicular articulation →

across the chest in an arc

Strap line incision

2" lateral to the base of the neck →

directed inferiorly

Facial artery Will reach superficial

Facial tissues

Facial artery

is superficial

Facial artery incision can be sealed with

adhesive in most cases

Facial artery incision is made along the inferior border of the

mandible, just anterior to the angle of the jaw