Pceutics 6 - Module 1

Hospital

“A city within the city”

Hospital

An institution that is built, staffed, and equipped for the…

• Diagnosis of disease

• Treatment (medical and surgical)

• Housing of the sick and injured during treatment

healthcare service

Hospital Pharmacy is a _____, which comprises the art, practice, and profession of choosing, preparing, storing, compounding, and dispensing medicines and medical devices, advising patients, doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals on their safe, effective and efficient use.

Specialized field of pharmacy

Hospital pharmacy is a ___ which forms an integrated part of patient health care in a health facility.

Profession

Hospital pharmacy is the ____ that strives to continuously maintain and improve the medication management and pharmaceutical care of patients to the highest standards in a hospital setting

Hospital pharmacy

It is the department or service in a hospital which is under the direction of a professionally competent, legally qualified pharmacist, and from which all medications are supplied to the nursing units.

True

Hospital pharmacy fills special prescriptions for patients in the hospital. (T/F)

True

The hospital pharmacy compounds extemporaneous preparations. (T/F)

False

The hospital pharmacy does not dispense narcotic and other prescribed drugs (T/F)

True

Hospital Pharmacy prepare and sterilize injectable preparations. (T/F)

False

The hospital pharmacy does not stock, store, nor dispense professional supplies. (T/F)

In patient Pharmacy setting, outpatient Pharmacy setting

What are the two (2) Hospital Pharmacy setting?

Goal

It is an achievable outcome that is generally broad and for the long term.

Objective

It is for the short term and defines measurable actions to achieve the overall goal.

Achieve, Promote, and Deliver

What is the goal of hospital pharmacy?

True

One of the goal of Hospital pharmacy…

Optimal therapeutic outcomes, medication safety, and quality service for all patients. (T/F)

True

One of the goal of Hospital pharmacy…

Application of new methods and techniques on Pharmaceutical care in relation to patient safety and quality service. (T/F)

Automation technology

One of the goal of Hospital pharmacy…

Elevate pharmacy stature by enhancing its services through the use of _____ and capacity building of the management and workforce.

False

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To provide continuous supply of safe, quality, and expensive pharmaceutical products to all patients. (T/F)

True

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To manage pharmacy operations effectively and efficiently by streamlining processes and implementing operational controls.

True

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To provide patient-centered pharmaceutical care through clinical pharmacy service, drug information and patient medication counseling. (T/F)

Competence

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To enhance professional ____ of pharmacists and its support staff through continuous participation and attendance to educational trainings, conferences, and seminars.

Research

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To conduct and participate in ____, educational programs, and other hospital activities.

True

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To integrate latest technology developments for enhancement of the pharmacy services. (T/F)

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) Program

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

To actively participate in the _____ program of the hospital.

Preparation, participation, teaching, communicating, radiopharmaceuticals

One of the objectives of Hospital Pharmacy…

The computerization of the pharmacy department, which makes it possible for the staff to participate in:

• Patient education programs

• Poison control center

• ___ of patient drug use profiles

• parenteral nutrition program ____

• cooperating in the ____ and research programs of the hospital

• ____ new product information to nursing service and other hospital personnel

• dispensing __________

• drug counselling updates

Minimum Standard Guidelines

These are intended to serve as a basic guide for the provision of pharmacy services in hospitals. These outline a minimum level of services that most hospital pharmacy departments should consistently provide.

Practice Management

Standard I

Medication-Use Policy Development

Standard II

Optimizing Medication Therapy

Standard III

Drug Product Procurement and Inventory Management

Standard IV

Preparing, Packaging, and Labelling Medications

Standard V

Medication Dispensing and Delivery

Standard VI

Monitoring Medication Use

Standard VII

Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Medication-Use System

Standard VIII

Research

Standard IX

False

Effective leadership and Practice management skills are not necessary for the delivery of pharmacy services in a manner consistent with the hospital and patient’s needs. (T/F)

Patient care provider, organizational structures

The management of pharmacy services should focus on the pharmacist’s responsibilities as a _____ of the pharmacy enterprise through the development of ___ that support that mission,

True

The pharmacy shall have a written mission statement that reflects both patient care and operational responsibilities. (T/F)

False

An erratic number of hours of operation is needed for the provision of needed pharmacy services shall be maintained. (T/F)

State Board of Pharmacy, DOH, FDA, DDB, PDEA, Philhealth

The practice of the hospital pharmacy shall comply to standards and regulations of all relevant government bodies (e.g. ____, ____, ___, ____, ____, _____) shall be met.

False

Only the hospital policies and regulations shall be met while applicable local, state, and federal laws are not needed. (T/F)

Policy and Procedures manual

There shall be a ______ governing administrative, operational, and clinical pharmacy functions, and all pharmacy personnel shall follow those policies and procedures.

True

Pharmacy employees should be involved in the development of the hospital’s plans for emergency response, infection prevention/control, management of hazardous substances and waste, and incident reporting, and all pharmacy staff shall receive education about those plans. (T/F)

False

The pharmacy has no need to establish, in conjunction with the hospital wide emergency plan, policies, and procedures for the safe and orderly evacuation of pharmacy personnel. (T/F)

False

The pharmacy does not need to participate in hospital decisions about the contents of code carts, emergency medication kits, and trays, and role of pharmacists in medical emergencies.

True

Pharmacists should serve on cardiopulmonary resuscitation teams. (T/F)

Basic Cardiopulmonary Life support (BCLS), Advanced Cardiopulmonary Life support, Pediatric Acute Life support

Pharmacists should receive training and maintain appropriate certifications for the ff. ____, ____, ____

Code carts

A container that can easily and quickly be moved to a patient who has suddenly developed a life-threatening emergency. Its supplies should always be replenished and arranged so that the frequently used first-line drug and equipment are readily available.

Crash cart/Max cart/Emergency cart/E-cart

What are the other names of Code carts?

True

The pharmacy shall participate in the development of hospital policies and procedures concerning preventive and post-exposure immunization programs for patients and hospital employees (T/F)

True

Pharmacists should participate as active immunizers for hospital and health-system based preventive immunization programs. (T/F)

False

The responsibilities and related competencies of professional and supportive personnel in the pharmacy shall be clearly defined in verbal position descriptions. (T/F)

True

The Director of Pharmacy should be thoroughly knowledgeable about and have experience in hospital pharmacy practice and management. (T/F)

True

The pharmacy shall employ an adequate number of competent, legally qualified pharmacists to meet the specific medication-use needs of the hospital’s patients. (T/F)

Education, Continuing-education

All personnel shall possess the _____ and training required to fulfill their responsibilities and shall participate in relevant ______ programs and activities as necessary to enhance competence.

Pharmacy Director

Personnel of the pharmacy should be recruited and selected by the who?

Job related qualifications, Prior performance

What criteria does the pharmacy director base his judgement when they recruit personnel for the pharmacy?

False

An employee retention plan is not needed. (T/F)

True

There shall be an established, structured procedure for orienting new personnel to the pharmacy, the hospital, and their respective positions. (T/F)

Director of Pharmacy

Who will ensure that work schedules, procedures, and assignments optimize the use of personnel and resources?

False

Procedures for regular scheduled evaluation of performance of pharmacy personnel is not needed to be established. (T/F)

True

Short term and Long term goals should be established for each employee, and the employee’s competency shall be assessed regularly. (T/F)

Ethical

Standards of ____ conduct shall be established and there shall be procedures for educating all pharmacy staff regarding these standards.

True

A pharmacy must have adequate space, equipment, and supplies shall be available for all professional and administrative functions relating to pharmacy services. (T/F)

True

Resources of the pharmacy shall be located in areas that facilitate the provision of services to patients, nurses, prescribers, and other health providers. (T/F)

Medication integrity, Personnel safety

There shall be suitable facilities that enable the receipt, storage, and preparation of medication under proper conditions of sanitation, temperature, light, moisture, ventilation, segregation, and security to ensure ______ and ____ throughout the hospital.

Medication Storage and Preparation Areas

facilities that enable the receipt, storage, and preparation of medication under proper conditions of sanitation, temperature, light, moisture, ventilation, segregation, and security are called?

Compounding area

There shall be suitable facilities to enable the compounding, preparation, and labeling of sterile ,and nonsterile products, including hazardous drug products, in accordance with established quality- assurance procedures. These are called?

Non sterile compounding area, Sterile Compounding area

What are the two kinds of compounding area in the hospital setting?

Laminar Flow hood

These are ventilation devices used within the pharmacy lab to provide an aseptic work area that helps protect both the staff and the materials they are dealing with.

Sterile compounding area for Antineoplastics

What kind of compounding area that possess a laminar flow hood?

Patient Assessment and Consultation area

In out-patient settings, these are private area for pharmacist-patient consultations to confidentially enhance patient’s knowledge of and adherence to prescribed medication regimens.

Office and Meeting Space

Adequate _____ shall be available as venues for administrative, educational, and training activities.

True

Adequate space, current resources, and information handling and communication technology shall be available to facilitate the provision of drug information. (T/F)

Department of Pharmacy

Who will select the pharmacy’s drug information resources?

Pharmacist

Who will play a leadership role in the selection of drug information resources used by other healthcare providers?

False

It is not necessary for all records to be maintained in accordance with applicable laws, regulations, and institutional policies. (T/F)

computerized provider order-entry (CPOE), Medication administration, Electronic health record (EHR), Patient billing systems

A comprehensive pharmacy compute system shall be employed and should be integrated to the fullest extent possible with other hospital information systems and software including _____, _______, _________, and _________.

True

There shall be policies and procedures for the evaluation, selection, use, calibration, monitoring, and maintenance of all automated pharmacy systems. (T/F)

Medicine Automated Dispensing System

One example of automated systems in the hospital is the…

True

A pharmacist shall be a member of and actively participate in hospital and health-system committees responsible for establishing and implementing medication-related policies and procedures, as well as those committees responsible for the provision of patient care. (T/F)

1

All committees that make decisions concerning medication management and use shall have at least __ pharmacist as a member.

Formulary

It is a well-controlled list of approved medications, which shall be maintained and regularly updated.

False

The periodic review of the impact of and compliance with the formulary is not necessary. (T/F)

Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee (P&T)

Who shall be responsible for developing and maintaining written criteria for drug product selection?

Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee (P&T)

Who shall be responsible for developing and maintaining adequate product specifications to aid in the purchase of medications and related supplies?

True

There shall be policies and procedures for the procurement, control, and use of non-formulary medications required for patient care. (T/F)

Patient

The pharmacist shall provide ____-specific drug information and accurate and comprehensive information about drugs and drug therapy to health professionals, patients, patients’ caregivers as appropriate.

Pharmacist

Responses to general and patient specific drug information requests shall be provided in an accurate and timely manner by who?

There should also be a process for assessing and ensuring the quality of responses.

True

Pharmacists shall keep the hospital’s staff and providers informed about the use of medications on an ongoing basis through appropriate publications, presentations, and programs. (T/F)

True

Hospital and Pharmacy department policies does not need to encourage pharmacists to engage in medication therapy management, collaborative drug therapy management, immunization, education ordering and administration, and other patient care activities to the extent permitted by law, regulation, and hospital requirements. (T/F)

True

Pharmacists and Pharmacy departments should take leadership role in developing and implementing policies and procedures for admissions, discharges, and transfers so that patients’ medication therapy is well managed regardless of patient transitions across care settings. (T/F)

Confidentiality

Systems shall be in place to ensure that patient ____ is maintained in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.

Pharmacist

Who must obtain, prepare, or have immediate access to comprehensive medication histories for each patient, from the patient’ medical record or other databases?

True

Pharmacist-conducted Medication history for each patient is desirable. (T/F)

False

Pharmacists should only provide oral consultations to other health professionals regarding medication therapy selection and management. (T/F)

False

Recommendations made by the pharmacist and actions taken in response to those recommendations should be documented in the patient’s medical record. (T/F)

Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee

The pharmacist’s prerogatives to initiate, monitor, and modify medication therapy for individual patients, and to order laboratory tests to exercise those responsibilities, consistent with laws, regulations, and hospital policy, shall be clearly delineated and approved by the appropriate committee such as the ________.

True

Pharmacy shall be responsible for the procurement, distribution, and control of all drug products used in the hospital for inpatient and ambulatory patients. (T/F)