HE100A: Health Issues I Lecture 2: The Human Body: An Overview

A set of vocabulary flashcards summarizing key health concepts and biological terminology from the lecture.

Health

A state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease.

Morbidity

Illness or disease measured as a rate.

Mortality

Death measured as a rate.

Incidence

The number of new cases of a specific condition in a specific population within a specific time period.

Prevalence

The total number of cases of a specific condition existing in a specific population within a specific time period.

Acute disease

A disease that is sudden and severe.

Chronic disease

A longstanding disease that persists over time.

Risk factors

Characteristics or conditions that increase the likelihood of developing a disorder.

Resilience factors

Attributes that decrease the likelihood of developing a disorder.

Epigenetics

The study of how environmental factors can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.

Dualism

The belief that the body and mind are separate and distinct entities.

Physicalism

The view that the mind is reducible to physical processes.

Dual-Aspect Monism

The perspective that mental and physical dimensions are two aspects of the same reality.

Embryogenesis

The process by which the body develops from a single cell.

Senescence

The process of aging characterized by the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics.

Multicellularity

An organism composed of multiple cells that cooperate for complex functions.

Bioelectricity

The electrical activities of biological cells that influence their functions.

Immune system

The body's defense system against pathogens and abnormal cells.

Renal system

The system responsible for waste filtration and urine production.

Reproductive system

The system that enables the creation of offspring through cell division and genetic combination.

Health

A state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease.

Morbidity

Illness or disease measured as a rate.

Mortality

Death measured as a rate.

Incidence

The number of new cases of a specific condition in a specific population within a specific time period.

Prevalence

The total number of cases of a specific condition existing in a specific population within a specific time period.

Acute disease

A disease that is sudden and severe.

Chronic disease

A longstanding disease that persists over time.

Risk factors

Characteristics or conditions that increase the likelihood of developing a disorder.

Resilience factors

Attributes that decrease the likelihood of developing a disorder.

Epigenetics

The study of how environmental factors can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.

Dualism

The belief that the body and mind are separate and distinct entities.

Physicalism

The view that the mind is reducible to physical processes.

Dual-Aspect Monism

The perspective that mental and physical dimensions are two aspects of the same reality.

Embryogenesis

The process by which the body develops from a single cell.

Senescence

The process of aging characterized by the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics.

Multicellularity

An organism composed of multiple cells that cooperate for complex functions.

Bioelectricity

The electrical activities of biological cells that influence their functions.

Immune system

The body's defense system against pathogens and abnormal cells.

Renal system

The system responsible for waste filtration and urine production.

Reproductive system

The system that enables the creation of offspring through cell division and genetic combination.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain internal stability, despite changes in external conditions.

Pathogen

A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

Metabolism

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.