APUSH Time Period 2

Joint stock colony

Founded by investors, who then recieve a portion of the profits generated by the settlement (Jamestown and MA bay)

Royal colony

Ruled directly by the crown with royal governor in charge in the colony (Georgia and Carolina)

Proprietary colony

Colony where a land grant is given directly to an individual (Pennsylvania and maryland)

John Smith

1608 elected president of Jamestown’s governing council, “He who will not work shall not eat,” under him Jamestown made progress

John Rolfe

Cultivated a sweeter strain of tobacco that became popular in England , “brown gold” that made Virginia a profitable colony

Headright system

Chesapeake labor source; gave land in new world to wealthy IF they brought over workers to settle and populate new colones.

Indentured servants

Worked 4-7 years under a contact, then free to move/settle in new world (lower class individuals, criminals, male, physically able)

Act of toleration

1649; protected Roman Catholics from persecution, did not include Jews, quakers, or other religioius minorities.

The mayflower compact

Not a constitution, but an agreement to form a crude government and submit to majority rule, led to adult male settlers meeting in assemblie to make laws in town meetings, plymouth Plymouth

Fundamental orders of Connecticut

Set up like a modern constitution created by Thomas hooker, established a representative govt with a legislature elected by popular vote and a governor chosen by that legislature

John Winthrop

Led a thousand puritans seeking religious freedom to MA founding MA bay colony

MA Bay colony rules

1. All people paid church taxes puritan or not 2. Only puritans can vote 3. Religious leaders very powerful 4.clergy could hold no political office

Blue laws

Demonstrate puritans work ethic, all work no. Play, very religious

Roger Williams

Argued for a full break with the angleican church, condemned ma bay charter, said town should not regulate religiousbehavor, exiled from ma bay, founded Rhode Island

Guideline for Rhode Island

1. Complete religious freedom 2. No forced attendance at church 3. No taxes paid to support church 4.complete manhood suffrage 5. No spcial privilege of any

Anne Hutchinson

Antinomianism- belief in complete salvation through predestination, put on trial for heresy and is banished

New Hampshire

Known for fishing and trading activities along the coast near portsmouth

Bacons rebellion

Small plantation owners were failed to be protected by Berkeley’s government from Indian attacks and he favored large plantation owners. Small plantation owners were upset and rebelled against the government defeating their forces and burning the Jamestown settlement

New England confederation

Military alliance with Plymouth, MA Bay, Connecticut and New Haven

Slave laws

Numbers of enslaved workers increased, white colonists adopted laws to ensure that they would be held in bondage for life and slave status would be inherited.

Great awakening

Intense religious revival, emphasized personal relationships with God and challenged religious authorities and there was more religious diversity

Enlightenment

John Locke; movement in literature and philosophy, when natural laws were introduced where a person had certain rights that they are born with .

Dominion of New England

Combining of NY, NJ and other New England colonies, sir Edmund Andros was sent to govern and he levied taxes, limited town meetings, and revoking land titles

Time period 2 years

1697-1754

Navigation acts

Englands government implemented these acts to ensure trade to and from English colonies could be carried only by English ships with English crews, all goods imported into colonies must go through England, specific goods like tobacco could only be exported to England

Triangular trade

New England to west Africa with rum, rum is traded for hundreds of enslaved Africans the ship then left and sailed through the terrible middle passage to West Indies for sugarcane and then went back to New England to trade sugarcane for rum

Salem witch trials

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts,