SOCPSY

Self-Concept

The collection of ideas, beliefs, and images an individual holds about themselves, which is multidimensional and dynamic.

Determinants of the Self

Social influences that shape our self-concept, including roles, social identities, social comparisons, perceptions by others, and cultural context.

Looking-Glass Self

Coined by Charles H. Cooley, it describes how others' perceptions of us influence our self-concept.

Culture Defines the Self

The significant role of culture in shaping the self, with cultural meanings and practices influencing psychological processes.

Individualist vs

Differences in emphasis on independence vs. interdependence in shaping the self.

Separated vs

Distinctions between a self defined by separateness and independence vs. one characterized by interdependence and fluid boundaries.

Independent vs

Concepts introduced by Hazel Markus and Shinobu Kitayama, focusing on uniqueness vs. relatedness to others in shaping the self.

Kapwa

Core concept in Filipino culture emphasizing the self as related to others, reflecting a relational view of the self.

Filipino Kinship Structure

Encompasses various relationships through birth, marriage, adoption, and ritual kinship, forming a network of kinship ties.

Utang na Loob

The Filipino cultural law of reciprocity, emphasizing the importance of repaying debts of gratitude towards others in social interactions.

Proximity

People who share physical space are more likely to become close with one another.

Similarity

The tendency to like other people who are similar to us.

Theory of Complimentarity

Opposites attract, the tendency to like others who are different from us.

Exchange Theory

Human relationships, including friendships, are formed by a cost-benefit analysis to maximize benefits and minimize costs.

Equity Theory

People seek fairness in relationships and feel upset by perceived unfairness.

Balance Theory

Focuses on how relationships with several others match or balance one another.

Social Penetration Theory

Friendships occur in stages with a gradual process of self-disclosure.

Conformity

A change in behavior or belief due to real or imagined group pressure.

Compliance

Conforming publicly but privately disagreeing.

Obedience

Responding favorably to an explicit request by an authority figure.

Informational Influence

People conform because they believe others know better.

Normative Influence

Conforming to be accepted by others and to belong.

Group Size

People are more likely to conform in groups of three to five.

Unanimity

Agreement by all people in a given situation.

Cohesion

The tendency for a group to be in unity while working towards a goal.

Expertise and Status

More likely to conform to high-status groups.

Difficulty or Ambiguity of Task

The more difficult or ambiguous the task, the greater the conformity.

Public Response

Conformity is more likely in public responses.

No Prior Commitment

People are more likely to stick with their answer once given.

Culture

Different cultures have varying rates of conformity to group norms.

Risky Behaviors

Actions or conduct that pose potential harm or danger to oneself or others.

Aggression

Hostile or violent behavior towards others, often involving a readiness to attack or confront.

Barkada

A Filipino term for a close group of friends or peers.

Juvenile Delinquents

Young individuals who have committed illegal acts or offenses.

Hostile Aggression

Intentional aggression with the aim of causing harm or pain.

Instrumental Aggression

Aggressive behavior used to achieve a specific goal.

Indirect Aggression

Aggressive actions that involve subtle approaches like gossiping or social exclusion.

Relational Aggression

Harm within relationships caused by covert bullying or manipulative behavior.

Self-instigated Aggression

Deliberate actions intended to cause harm or injury to oneself.

Retaliatory Aggression

Aggressive behavior carried out to seek revenge on another person.

Social Facilitation

The theory that individuals perform better when in the presence of others.

Social Loafing

The phenomenon where individuals exert less effort when working in a group.

Deindividuation

The loss of individuality and personal responsibility when part of a group.

Intimate Relationship

A close relationship between two individuals involving deep knowledge, care, trust, and commitment.

Mutual Understanding (M.U.)

A term used in Filipino dating culture to describe a mutual agreement or understanding between two individuals.

Same-Sex Romance

Romantic or sexual relationships between individuals of the same gender.

Proximity

Geographical closeness, a factor influencing attraction.

Familiarity

The principle that people are more likely to like those who are familiar to them.

Physical Attractiveness

The appeal of one's physical appearance, influencing attraction.