CHEM 341 (Inorganic Chemistry 3) Final Exam

For Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

CHAPTER 1

how to write a complexe?

Writing a complex involves designating a central metal atom or ion that is coordinated to surrounding ligands. The ligands can be neutral molecules or anions, and they bond to the metal through lone pairs of electrons.

what is a lewis base?

e pair/lp donor

what is a lewis acid?

e pair/lp acceptor

what does the ligand have to be?

a lewis base or radical that gives one or more electron pairs to the metal center.

how do you name complexes?

1. Cation first, then anion (solid state)

   1. Cation/neutral = name of element

   2. "-ate” = anionic complex

2. inner-sphere complexe in []

   1. outside this will be in () = anion = regular name

3. Ligands (L) in alphabetical order

   1. Prefixes don’t affect alphabetical order! (bi, tris, etc)

what is and how do you find the d^n config of a metal?

how many electrons on metal d orbs after oxidation

n = M column # - oxidation state (= M charge - total L charges ± overall charges)

how do you name Ligands?

• if neutral = its name

• if anionic = “-o” suffix

• if complex/polydentate/chelating (ring) = ask prof in exams

  • acac (2O), bipy (2N), edta (2N, 4O) ambidentate, cyclam (4N), en (2N)

• when bi vs bis and such? = simple vs complex/polydentate/chelating ligands like those above

  • di/tri/tetra + simple ligand

  • bis/tris/tetrakis + (complex ligand)

what is an ambidentate ligand like edta?

can attah at 2 diff places not at the same time, like N or O

what are the 4 types of isomerisms? (not very important)

1. linkage = how/where it attaches

2. ionization = swap 2 ions inner/outer

3. hydrate = a water goes from inner to outer sphere

4. coordination = M’s swap in 2 metal complexes, rare

what does a CN = 2 mean?

• d10 ions = Ag+, Cu+

• linear

what does a CN = 3 mean?

• d10 ions = Ag+, Cu+, Au+

• planar Y or T

what does a CN = 4 mean?

• TETRAHEDRAL

  • d0 or d10 ions

  • bulky Ls, small Ms

• SQUARE-PLANAR

  • d8 = M(II)

CN = 4 | what is the important isomerism in square planar complexes?

$MA_2B_2$ which exist as cis or trans

OR if ligands diff then that

what does a CN = 5 mean?

• TBP

• SQR PYR

CN = 5 | can TBP and SQR PYR interconvert?

yes very bcs covalent bonds, called Berry pseudo rotation

BUT fast so no sep!

CN = 5 | can the ligand settle the structure?

yes, diff topology/3d shape even if same formula if tbp vs sqr pyr

what does a CN = 6 mean?

OCTAHED - most common in d !

TRIG PRISM - rare!

CN = 6 | can OCT and TRIG PRIS interconvert?

yes, via rotation of 1 trio of bonds

CN = 6 | what are the important isomerism in OCT complexes?

if MA4B2

5 or 6 chelates ensure cis bcs of stereo

if MA3B3