crs 101 exam 1

profession of res. care, early history of res. care, & quality & evidence based

AARC

• American Association for Respiratory Care

  • year the name changed: 1986

• Leading national & international professional organization for RTs

• Governance of the AARC:

  • Board of directors

  • house of delegates

  • board of medical advisors

  • President’s council

NBRC

• National Board for Respiratory Care

  • year the name changed: 1986

• Voluntary credentialing agency. Gives license thru test.

• Established standards for the credentialing of RTs

CoARC

• Commission Accreditation for Respiratory Care

  • year the name changed: 1998

• Accredits respiratory degree programs at associate, baccalaureate, & master’s degree levels

• Meets minimum professional educational standards

HIPAA

• stands for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

• protects patient’s privacy & information

role of an RT

apply scientific principles to prevent, identify, & treat acute or chronic dysfunction of the cardiopulmonary system

Practice settings for RTs

• hospitals

• medical office, insurance companies

• interfacility transport (ground & air)

• homes

• sleep labs

• skilled nursing facilities

• pulmonary rehab programs

• outpatient clinics

Credentials for RTs

• Certified Respiratory Therapist (CRT)

• Registered Respiratory Therapist (RRT)

• Certified Pulmonary Function Technologist (CPFT)

• Registered Pulmonary Function Technologist (RPFT)

• Neonatal/Pediatric Specialist (CRT-NPS or RRT-NPS)

• Adult Critical Care Specialist (RRT-ACCS)

• Sleep Disorders Specialist (CRT-SDS or RRT-SDS)

Hierarchy of Respiratory Department

• Medical director (responsible for quality of clinical care. Assists & advices department director)

• Department director (delivers quality respiratory care in department leadership)

  • Also included RN & Rad

• Supervisors/Lead Therapists (Oversees functionality of the department. More experienced & higher credentials)

• RTs (front line beside staff. All other roles are supportive to RTs)

• PRN (as needed RTs)

separate:

• Educational coordinator (assists w/ educational needs of RTs)

• Researcher (help research new & old practices & technology to improve the care the department provides)

• Quality Assurance Coordinator (figures out what’s best for the patient while minimizing costs)

Hippocrates

Established the first intellectual school devoted to teaching the practice of medicine, making him the “father of medicine”

Robert Boyle

Boyle’s Law. Inverse relationship between gas volume & pressure. The volume of a gas decreases with increasing pressure & vice versa

John Dalton

describes his law of partial pressures

Louis Pasteur

• advanced his “germ theory” & suggests that some diseases were the result of microorgs

Jacques Charles

describes the direct relationship between gas volume & temperature. “Charles’ Law”- The volume occupied by a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, if the pressure remains constant

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

describes the relationship between gas temp. & pressure.

• pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas, when the volume is kept constant.

Lavoisier

discovered oxygen is inhaled, CO2 is exhaled

Chevalier Jackson

invented laryngoscope

Amedeo Avogadro

discovered that equal volumes of gas have the same number of molecules

Karl von Linde

large scale production of O2

What’s the FIO2 of room air?

21%

Titration definition

turning something up or down

bronchodilator

opens up airways

inhaled corticosteroids

decreases inflammation

mucokinetics/mucolytics

thins out mucous/secretions to make them easier to get out

A little bit about mechanical ventilation

• fully or partially replaces spontaneous breathing

• for acute or chronic respiratory failure

• improves gas exchange & decreases work of breathing

auscultation

listening to sounds of the heart, lungs, etc. with a stethoscope

stethoscope parts

• headset: the part you put in your ears

• chestpiece: the circular metal end of the stethoscope

  • diaphragm side would face the patient. This side doesn’t have a part to hold onto.

  • Bell side has a piece to hold onto

Proper lifting techniques

Bend legs with a straight spine. Use legs to lift heavy objects & patients

Six Sigma

• a normal distribution curve. Know where the min, median, & max are

What does O2 do in relation to a fire? Is it flammable?

O2 is nonflammable, but it accelerates the rate of combustion

PASS

fire extinguisher training

• P- pull pin

• A- aim nozzle

• S- squeeze handle

• S- sweep nozzle across base of fire

RACE

core fire plan

• R- rescue patients in immediate area of fire

• A- alert other personnel to fire

• C- contain the fire; shut doors to prevent spreading of fire

• E- evacuate other patients & personnel

Voltage

the power behind electrical energy

Current

directly related to voltage difference between point A & point B & inversely related to the resistance of the object

Ground

low-resistance pathway to point of zero voltage

Power surge

unexpected increase in voltage