Spatial Interaction & Geographic Information

Tobler’s Law of Geography

States that everything is relate dot everything else. but near things are more related than distant things

Distance Decay

-The rate as which phenomenon or activity diminishes with distance.
-Share that near things are more related

Spatial Diffusion

-The idea that things spread across the landscape, but in a different way
-things are closer will be similar, but things further away will be less similar

Contagious Diffusion

-Outward spread from origin in all directions
-Driven by direct contact or proximity often compared to disease spread

Hierarchical Diffusion

Phenomena spread unevenly over space through spatial hierarchies

Relocation Diffusion

-taking things or new resections
-transplanting cultures and traditions in different areas.

Stimulus Diffusion

-Culture or Neos become integrated and modified to local preferences or culture.
-Elongation of cultures

Complimentary

-movement that happens because one place has something that those in another place need or want.

Transferability

-Why certain objects move more that others depending on their value
-Determines something being valuable enough to be transported

Intervening Opportunity

-Noticing something closer rather continuing initial or original route

Map Scale

-The analogy draw between a 2D dimensional space or surface.
-Ratio between linear distance on a map versus Earth’s Surface.

Two Kinds Of Maps

Reference Map & Thematic Map

Reference Map

shows general geographic feature

Thematic Map

Identify spatial patterns for a specific
Highlights a certain distribution

Types Of The Music Maps

Choropleth Maps & Cartograms

Choropleth Maps

-Using color to convey differences between areas

Cartograms

Making spaces smaller to convey differences or a main concept

Map Projections

Transforming the Earth’s curved surface upon a flat surface

All Projections Distort At Least One Of The Following:

-Area
-Shape
-Distance
-Direction

You cannot put earth on a flat surface without it having some _______

sort of direction

Mercator Projection

-Important for transatlantic commerce
-If using a compass, the Mercator is a reliable source of direction
-Preserves area by distorting the poles, making them larger

3 Core Geographic Tools

1) Geographic Information System (GIS)
2) Remote Sensing
3)Global Positioning System

Geographic Information System

-A computer system for mapping, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data.

Key Idea For GIS

GIS links all the phenomena within that location to answer questions, geographical.

Remote Sensing

-collecting information about the earth’s surface.
-tracks urban growth, disasters, and how everything looks form a distance
-Uses satellites, planes, or drones to track geographic information

Global Positioning System

-Uses satellites to determine exact locations on Earth
-Helps with navigation, mapping, and tracking.