Personal health and Safety exam 1

__________ is the rate of disease in a population

morbidity

__________ the rate of deaths in a population

mortality

How many adults in the US have a chronic disease?

A. 2 in 10

B. 3 in 10

C. 6 in 10

D. 5 in 10

C. 6 in 10

_____________: the expected number of years of
full health remaining at a given age

Healthy Life expectancy

_____________: the expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as birth

life expectancy

___________: assessment of the impact of
health, including elements of physical,
mental, emotional, and social function

HRQoL

_______________: an assessment of the
positive aspects of a person’s life, such as
positive emotions and life satisfaction

well-being

What is the simple definition of the medical model of health?

The absence of sickness

What are the 6 dimensions of wellness?

physical, emotional, social, environmental, spiritual, and intellectual

______________ deaths in the US are caused by chronic diseases

A. 4 in 10

B. 6 in 10

C. 7 in 10

D. 3 in 10

C, 7 in 10

What are the four leading causes of chronic disease in the US?

tobacco use, poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and excessive alcohol use

____________: is a field investigating how our diet,
physical activity, and other behavioral choices are tied to our cells’ ability to use our genes to influence health

Epigenetics

When was the health belief model created?

in the 1950s

__________ determinants of health influence risk of chronic disease

modifiable

Which model is most popular for behavior change?

A. Health Belief model

B. social cognitive model

C. transtheoretical model

C. transtheoretical model

Which model describes the way in which beliefs affect behavior change?

health belief model

This model describes how we change our behaviors by observing models in our environments and regulating ourselves accordingly

social cognitive model

The social cognitive model uses what three factors that motivate and promote our change?

personal, our behaviors, and the social environment

List the stages of the transtheoretical model

1. precontemplation

2. contemplation

3. preparation

4. action

5. maintenance

6. termination

Which step in the transtheoretical model represents no intention of changing?

A. precontemplation

B. contemplation

C. preparation

D. termination

A. precontemplation

The word “SMART” in smart goals is an acronym, what are the words within this acronym?

specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, time-oriented

____________: all body movements produced by skeletal muscles that result in increases in energy expenditure

physical activity

______________ planned, repetitive and structured bodily movements undertaken to maintain or better physical fitness components

exercise

T/F: Heart healthy diet and physical
activity can prevent, and
potentially reverse, type 1
diabetes

false (type 2)

T/F: All levels of exercise will enhance
insulin sensitivity

true

_____________: loss of body weight and muscle mass as a result of decreased appetite and caloric
intake

cancer cachexia

___________: a disease of low bone mass

Osteoporosis

Select all that apply: Which impact bone health

A. vitamin D

B. Vitamin C

C. caloric intake

D. calcium

E. vitamin A

A. vitamin D, C. caloric intake, D. calcium

Muscular _________ is a combination of muscular endurance and muscular strength

fitness

____________: the ability to exert
submaximal forces repetitively

endurance

__________: highest amount of force that
can be generated by a muscle during a
single contraction

strength

____________: The ability to move a joint through its range of motion

Flexibility

T/F: BMI is much more important to health than body composition

False (body composition is more important)

What words are used to create the acronym FITT?

frequency, intensity, time, and type

Time- vigorous activities should be performed for at
least ___ minutes at a time, moderate ___ minutes at a time

20; 30

What statistic is used to describe the number of deaths in a population from a disease in a given year?

A. Morbidity rate

B. Mortality rate

C. Morality rate

D. Prevalence

B. mortality rate

Sitting for prolonged periods of time without getting adequate physical activity is correlated with

A. Heart disease

B. Decreased blood pressure

C. increased immunity

D. Lower back and spine issues

A. heart disease, D. lower back and spine issues

Which of the following is NOT a method for measuring cardiorespiratory intensity?

A. Talk test

B. Heart rate zones

C. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE)

D. 1-repetition max (1-RM)

D. 1-repetition max (1-RM)

Frequency- ___days a
week for moderate or ___days a week for
vigorous

5;3

____________ is a subjective way to measure how hard you feel your body is working during physical activity

Rate of perceived exertion (RPE)

What is another subjective measure of exertion besides the RPE"?

the talk test

_________ is usually based on a percentage on 1 RM

intensity

___________: the process of feeling full

satiety

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

A. carbohydrates

B. water

C. fats

D. minerals

E. proteins

D. minerals

Excessive water intake can also pose a serious
health risk if it causes __________, low blood
levels of sodium

hyponatremia

_____________ are the building blocks of protein

amino acids

____________ stored form of carbs that can
be converted to energy as needed by
the body

glycogen

High fiber foods =

high satiety (feeling full)

_________ are dietary fats

triglycerides

Fats provide _ calories per gram

9

____________: A waxy, fat-like substance made in the liver and found in the blood in all cells of the body

cholesterol

What happens if there is too much cholestral circulating in the blood?

it binds to inner walls of blood vessels

_____:compound that facilitates the transport of
cholesterol in the blood to the body’s cells

______compound that facilitates the transport of
cholesterol in the blood to the liver for
metabolism and elimination from the body

LDL (unhealthy); HDL (healthy)

T/F: All carbs taken in will be broken down and used for energy or stored

true

How often are dietary guidelines for Americans revised?

every 5 years

A _________ is a unit of measure used to quantify the amount of energy in food

A. carbohydrate

B. water

C. kilocalorie

D. protein

C. kilocalorie

T/F: Vitamins, minerals, and water provide calories

false (carbs, proteins, and fats do)

Nutrient dense foods usually have _______ calories

A. high

B. low

B. low (so you can eat more of it)

What is supposed to be on the front of a product?

name of product, health claims, nutrient claims, and functional claims

__________: Organic compounds that promote growth and are essential to life and health

vitamins

What are the fat-soluble vitamins?

Vitamin A, D, E, and K

_________: Indestructible inorganic elements that
build body tissues and assist body
processes

A. minerals

B. vitamins

C. proteins

D. carbohydrates

A. minerals

_____________: Minerals in your blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge

A. vitamins

B. cholesteral

C. electrolytes

C. electrolytes

What is the first step in breaking barriers?

start small and time manage

_______ body weight more than 10% above
a recommended healthy weight, or a BMI
between 25 and 29.9

A. obesity

B. overweight

C. normal

D. type 1 obesity

B. overweight

_________:
body weight that is more than 20%
above a recommended healthy weight, or a BMI
of 30 or greater

obesity

Class __ obesity: BMI 30-35

1

Class __ obesity: BMI 35-40

2

When was obesity recognized as a disease?

in 2013

_________ is a hormone synthesized in the stomach and is sometimes called the “hunger hormone” because it stimulates appetite and food intake

Ghrelin (gremlin/ ppl with obesity experience higher levels)

_________ is a hormone for appetite regulation

leptin

What is the first line of treatment for obesity?

adopting a healthy lifestyle

Which of the following is a health-related component of fitness?

A. power

B. balance

C. speed

D. body composition

D. body composition

Which of the following is a skill related component of health?

A. muscular endurance

B. coordination

C. flexibility

D. cardiorespiratory fitness

B. coordination