ATI TEAS Chapter 40: Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System Purpose

Generate male gametes (sperm) and deliver them to the female reproductive system

Male Major Components (7)

- Penis

- Vas Deferens

- Urethra

- Prostate

- Seminal Vesicles

- Testis (Testes)

- Scrotum

Testes

Primary reproductive organ; sperm production

Scrotum

Sac houses the testes away from the body to lower their temperature during sperm production

Prostate and Seminal Vesicles:

Produces fluids necessary for lubricating and nourishing sperm

Conduit

Where sperm is ejected; formed by vas deferens, urethra, and penis

Urethra

Tube leads sperm outside through penis

Female Reproductive System Purpose

Generate female gametes (eggs) and incubate the fetus during pregnancy

Female Major Components (5)

- Ovaries

- Fallopian Tubes

- Uterus

- Cervix

- Vagina

Cervix

Opening to the uterus

Fallopian Tubes

Connect ovaries to the uterus; fertilization occurs

Endometrium

Inner lining of the uterus

Fertilized Egg

Develops into a fetus

Placenta

Allows fetus and parent blood supplies to network; nourishes fetus and removes waste

Puberty

Initiated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Males

Signals testes to produce more testosterone

Testosterone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) stimulates production of:

Sperm Cells

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Female

Signals ovaries to produce more estrogen

What does the release of estrogen do?

Egg matures and uterine endometrium thickens

Corpus Luteum

Empty Graafian follicle produces large amounts of progesterone to prepare endometrium for fertilized egg implantation

Menstrual Cycle

Cycle of maturation and shedding of endometrium

Which of the following organs produce female gametes?

Ovary

Which is the location where fertilization typically takes place?

Fallopian Tubes

Which of the following best describes one function of estrogen?

Maturation of Eggs

Which of the following results from the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?

Bone Growth