19.2. Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity

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Cardia muscle and electrical activity breakdown and explanation

12 Terms

1
Autorhythmicity
The ability of cardiac muscle to initiate an electrical potential at a fixed rate that spreads rapidly to trigger contractions.
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2
Myocardial Contractile Cells
Cells that constitute 99% of the cardiac muscle, responsible for contractions that pump blood.
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3
Myocardial Conducting Cells
Cells that form the conduction system of the heart, making up 1% of cardiac cells and initiating and propagating action potentials.
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4
Intercalated Disc
A junction between two adjoining cardiac muscle cells that supports synchronized contraction.
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5
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
The pacemaker of the heart located in the right atrium, initiating the normal electrical rhythm of the heart.
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6
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
A specialized cluster of myocardial conducting cells that provides a critical pause before transmitting impulses to the ventricles.
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7
Bachmann’s Bundle
A pathway that conducts electrical impulses directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.
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8
Purkinje Fibers
Myocardial conductive fibers that spread electrical impulses to the contractile cells in the ventricles.
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9
Wave of Depolarization
The electrical event that triggers muscular contraction, beginning in the right atrium and spreading across the heart.
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10
T Tubules
Structures that are half as numerous in cardiac muscle compared to skeletal muscle, involved in transmitting electrical impulses.
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11
Aerobic Respiration
The process primarily used by cardiac muscle to metabolize lipids and carbohydrates for energy.
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12
Spontaneous Depolarization
The movement of sodium ions that leads to cardiac muscle's autoregulated electrical activity.
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