A & P Lab 5 (axial skeleton)

Axial Skeleton

skull, mandible, hyoid, sternum, ribs, vertebral column, sacrum, coccyx

Long Bone

Ex: femur, tibia, radius, ulna, humerus

Short Bone

Ex: tarsals and carpals

Flat Bone

Ex: skull bones, ribs, sternum, scapula

Irregular Bone 

Ex: vertebrae, facial bones

Sesamoid Bone

Ex: patella

Cancellous (spongy)

trabeculae, which are like scaffolding

in bone they align along lines of stress (in middle of long bones)

Compact Bone

Dense, with little space

contains osteons

(line inside of long bones)

Process

a projection 

Tuberosity

large roughened process on a bone that serves as attachment site for muscles

Tubercle

small rounded projection or process

Trochanter

very large bony process, in humans this is used when referring to greater or lesser _____ of the femur

Cornu

horn shaped projection 

Epicondyle

near or above a condyle

crest or crista

prominent ridge

Line or linea

low ridge

Spine 

very high, sharp ridge, often pointed

Head

bony expansion, usually on neck

Condyle

rounded, knuckle-like eminence often an articulation with another bone

Articular Surface

point where 2 bones come together

Facet 

small flat articular surface 

Ramus

branch off the body of a bone

Formen

hole or opening in bone created by blood vessels or nerves running through it, provides passageways for them

Meatus

canal or long tube-like openingS

Sinus

a cavity

Fissure

narrow slit of crack

Fossa

depression or pit in bone, sometimes another bone fits into it

Sulcus

a groove

Notch

indentation, usually at the edge or margin of a bone

Coronal Suture

connects parietal and frontal lobes

Squamous Suture

connects parietal and temporal

Lambdoid Suture

Connects parietal and occipital

Sagittal Suture

connects both parietal lobes