Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
cells
the smallest unit that shows characteristics. they are the base of life, separating life from non-living things.
molecules
groups of atoms chemically bonded together
organic molecules
molecules containing carbon atoms <C>
Macromolecules
Large organic molecules made up of smaller molecules; made up from large amounts of atoms
Monomer
Building blocks of polymers; the smallest unit of macromolecules. A monomer is a single block.
Polymer
One large molecule made up of monomers bonded together. A polymer is a bunch of monomers.
Dehydration synthesis
The chemical process in which water gets taken out of the monomer in order to make a polymer. At the end of a monomer is an <H> hydrogen atom and a <-OH> group. Every time a monomer is added, a molecule of water is taken out.
hydrolysis
The chemical process in which water gets put into the polymer to break it down into a monomer. It is the opposite of dehydration synthesis.
Carbohydrates
Made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Is also know as sugar or starches
〜ose
words ending with 〜ose are sugars
main functions of carbohydrates
Makes short-term energy
Structural components of carbohydrates
Sends chemical signals across cells to communicate
Shape of carbohydrate graph
looks like a hexagon or pentagon ring
Monomers of carbohydrates
monosaccharide
Polymers of carbohydrates
2 would be disaccharide, more would be polysaccharide
Lipids
made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
main functions of lipids
long-term sources of energy
Structural components of lipids
Makes hormones
Monomers of lipids
Glycerol and fatty acids
shapes of the monomers of lipids
Long and spread out
Polymers of lipids
Triglycerides, phospholipids and waxes
Shapes of liquid triglyceride
Curved at the bottom, but mostly straight.
Shapes of solid triglyceride
straight and holds a square shape
fun fact of phospholipids
they are what cell-membranes are made of
what are triglycerides
liquids made of glycerol and 3 fatty acids
what are phospholipids
Lipids with a phosphate molecule attached to the glycerol backbone.
what are waxes
long-chain lipids that are insoluble in water
