The effects of outliers on spread & centre

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The effects of outliers on spread & centre

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4 Terms

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Outlier

  • a data value that is numerically distant from a data set

  • it is a datapoint which falls outside the main pattern of datapoint

  • it can either be the largest value in a given data set or it can be the smallest value in a given data set

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Examples of outlier

  • 9000 is larger than all the other datapoints, thus an outlier

  • 3 is smaller than all the other datapoints, thus an outlier

  • it is numerical distance from the numerical data set

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Outliers can affect

  • measures of centre

  • data of spread

  • the mean can be affected by the presence of outliers

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Response to an outlier

Mean = AFFECTED

Median = RESISTANT

Mode = RESISTANT

Range = AFFECTED

Standard deviation = by looking at the formula of SD, we can see it includes a mean, and since the mean is affected by outliers - we know that the SD is also AFFECTED.