Unit 2: Nervous system

What is the function of the nervous system?

Input→Intergration→Motor Output

What are the two divisions?

Central Nervous System (cns) and the peripheral nervous system (pns)

What is the the CNS?

The brain and spinal cord

What is the PNS?

Nerves that lead to and from the CNS?

Features of the Cerebrum

Gyri and sulci

Gyri

Bumps

Sulci

Grooves of the brain

What is white matter in the brain?

Cells that contain a fatty insultiong layer called (myelin)

What is grey matter?

Cells that lack myelin

What is the function of the Cerebral cortex?

It is the outer layer of cerebrum involved with higher level thinking (ex. decision making)

What type of matter is the cerebral cortex made of?

Grey matter

What is the longitudinal fissure?

Deep grove that separates the two halves of the cerebrum

Cerebral hemispheres

the two halves

What are the regions of the cerebrum?

Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

Its is an output center that regulates personality, speech, higher orders of thinking, and morals and ethics.

What is the motor area?

It controls voluntary muscle movement

Where is the motor area?

In the frontal lobe

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

It is an input center that integrates sensory information such as touch (includes pain and coldness)

What is the function somatosensory area?

It perceives touch information and control specific movements in body

Where is the somatosensory area located?

In the parietal lobe

What is function of the temporal lobe?

Processes hearing information

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Processes visual information

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

It connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres which allows them to communicate with each other

What does the limbic system consist of?

The hippocampus and the amygdala

How does the hippocampus work?

it processes long-term memory and emotional responses

How does the amygdala work?

It processes emotional memories; particularly fear

What is the function of the thalamus?

It relays sensory information to the correct part of the cerebrum

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

It works with the pituitary gland to regulate feeding, fleeing, fighting, and mating

What is the purpose of the cerebellum?

Regulation of balance and motor movements

What is the function of the brain stem?

Regulation of basic physiological processes such as heart rate and breathing

What is cerebrospinal fluid

It cushions the brain within skull?

What is the function of ventricles?

It produces and stores cerebrospinal fluid

What is dura mater?

Outer protective layer of the brain; tough, white, and opaque (connective tissue)

what is pia mater?

Inner protective layer; things and transparent (connective tissue)

What is the function of the dendrites?

it receive the signal from neighboring cells

What is the structure of the axon?

relays signal from dow neuron; conducts nerve impulses

What is the myelin sheath?

Layer of insulation around axons;