Gender and Sexuality Across Time

Vocabulary flashcards capturing key concepts, definitions, figures, and historical periods discussed in the Gender and Sexuality Across Time lecture.

Feminism

A continuing series of social movements that aim to challenge the patriarchal society that creates oppressive political structures, beliefs, and practices against women.

Patriarchy

A social system where men primarily hold power in political and private spheres, originating from the Greek word patriarkhes, which means 'the rule of the father'.

Divine Feminine

The sacredness attributed to women due to their ability to conceive children, prevalent in early civilizations where women were treated equally with men.

Egalitarian System

A social structure in which men and women have equitable power, roles, and social status, characteristic of prehistoric hunter-gatherer societies.

Paternity

Fatherhood or the role of the father in conception, which gained recognition during the Agricultural Era as societies began to settle and raise livestock.

Patrilineal Society

A society where only men can inherit property and the family name, forcing women to rely on marriage for economic support.

Friedrich Engels

A German philosopher and sociologist who argued that patriarchy emerged when private property replaced communal living following agricultural advancements.

Sexism

Prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination based on sex.

Gender Pay Gap

The persistent economic inequality wherein men earn more income than women.

Herodotus

A Greek historian who observed that Egyptian women enjoyed higher social status than Greek women because they could inherit property and engage in trade and politics.

Three Obediences and Four Virtues

Confucian written documents dictating that a woman must obey her father in youth, her husband when married, and her son when widowed.

First-wave Feminism

A movement originating during the 19th to 20th century across Western countries where women demanded the right to vote and legally own property.

The Second Sex

A 1949/1956 book by Simone de Beauvoir featuring the phrase 'one is not born, but rather becomes, a woman,' which detailed how patriarchal society disadvantaged women.

Le Mouvement de Libération des Femmes

A European women's liberation movement formed in the 1940s that sought rights to education, work, voting, and bodily autonomy while highlighting class intersectionality.

Second-wave Feminism

A feminist wave focused on social and cultural inequalities, including domestic violence, marital rape, reproductive rights, and wage inequality.

Third-wave Feminism

A feminist movement emerging in the 1990s influenced by postmodern thought that aimed to redefine notions of self and sexuality.

Fourth-wave Feminism

A feminist movement starting between 2007 and 2012 emphasizing women's rights, justice, intersectionality, and transgender rights.

Women Suffrage

The right of women to vote in elections, which gained widespread momentum after World War I (1914 to 1918) as women demonstrated their capabilities outside the home.

RA 9262

The Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children act, a legal measure created to address domestic violence and abuse in the Philippines.