Test 2 Pulmonology

Alveolar/Alveolus

Terminal element in the respiratory tract where gas exchange occurs.

Apnea

Temporary absence of a spontaneous respiration

Aspiration

Removal by suction of fluid or gas from a body cavity

Atelectasis (At-ta-lek-ta-sis)

Collapse of a part of a lung

Auscultation

Diagnostic method of listening to the body with a stethoscope

Bradypnea

Slow breathing

Bronchiectasis (Brang-kee-ek-tuh-sis)

Chronic dilation of the bronchi following inflammatory disease and obstruction.

Bronchodilator

Agent that increases the diameter of the bronchus.

Bronchoscopy

Examination of the interior of the tracheobronchial tree with an endoscope

Bronchus

One of two subdivisions of the trachea.

Cautery

A device to scar, burn, or cut a tissue.

Cilia

Hair like motile projection from the surface of the cell.

Croup

Infection of the upper airway in children characterized by a barking cough

Cyanosis

Blue discoloration of the skin, lips, and nail beds due to low oxygen levels in the blood

Cystic fibrosis

Genetic disease in which excessive viscid mucus passages including the bronchi

Dyspnea

Difficulty breathing

Emphysema

Dilation of respiratory bronchioles and alveoli

Empyema

Pus in a body cavity, particularly in the pleural cavity

Epiglottitis

Inflammation of the epiglottis

Epistaxis

A nosebleed

Expiration

To breathe out

Hemoptysis

Coughing up blood

Hemothorax

Blood in the pleural cavity

Hypoxemia

Low oxygen levels

Hypoxic

Deficient in oxygen

Inspiration

To breathe in

Intubation

Insertion of a tube into the trachea

Laryngopharynx

Hollow tube with a light and camera used to visualize or operate on the larynx

Mucolytic

An agent capable of dissolving in mucus

Nares

Nostrils

Olfactory

Relating to the sense of smell

Oropharynx

Region at the back of the mouth between the soft palate and epiglottis

Paranasal

Adjacent to the nose

Pharyngeal

Tube from nose to larynx, or that region

Phlegm

Abnormal amounts of mucus expectorated from the respiratory tract

Pleura

Membrane covering the lungs and lining the ribs in the thoracic cavity

Pneumonectomy

Surgical removal of the lung

Polysomnography

Test to monitor brain waves, muscle tension, eye movement, and oxygen level in the blood as the patient sleeps

Pulmonologist

A specialist in treating disorder of the lungs

Pulmonology

The study of the lungs

Rales

Crackles heard through the stethoscope when air bubbles through liquid in the lungs

Respiration

The process of breathing

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Sinusitis

The inflammation of a cavity or hollow space in the bone or other tissue

Spirometry

Instrument used to measure respiratory volumes

Sputum

Matter coughed up or spat out

Stridor

High pitched noise made when there is a respiratory obstruction of the larynx or trachea

Tachypnea

Rapid breathing

Thoracentesis

Insertion of a needle into the pleural cavity to withdraw fluid or air

Ventilator

Device that breathes for the patient