Logical Fallacies

Ad hominem

when someone attacks a person instead of their argument.

Appeal to ignorance

when someone says something must be true just because it hasn’t been proven false.

Bandwagon

when someone believes or does something just because many other people do it.

Circular Reasoning

when the argument repeats itself instead of giving real proof.

False analogy

when two things are compared as if they’re alike, but they really aren’t.

false dilemma

when someone says there are only two choices, even though more options exist.

genetic fallacy

when someone judges an idea based on its origin instead of what it actually means.

Guilt by association

when someone is judged just because they’re connected to a certain person or group.

Hasty generalization

when someone makes a broad conclusion based on too little evidence.

Red Herring

when someone brings up an unrelated topic to distract from the main issue.

slippery slope

when someone says one small step will lead to a chain of extreme, unavoidable consequences.

straw man

when someone misrepresents another person’s argument to make it easier to attack.