Exam 3 Nursing process part 2

What does “Include” mean in IDEAL?

Include client and caregivers in discharge planning.

What does “Discuss” mean in IDEAL?

Discuss meds, home life, warning signs, test results, follow‑up.

What does “Explore” mean in IDEAL?

Explore possible solutions and choose the best one.

What does “Assess” mean in IDEAL?

Assess effectiveness of education.

What does “Look Back” mean in IDEAL?

Evaluate results and decide if the solution worked.

What is accommodation?

Maintaining peace by smoothing over differences.

What is collaboration?

Solving issues objectively with all views considered.

What is compromise?

Meeting in the middle for a temporary solution.

What is avoidance?

Leaving the situation for someone else to handle.

What is competition?

Using power to achieve a goal.

What are the five components of EI (Emotional Intelligence)?

Self‑awareness, self‑regulation, motivation, empathy, social skills.

Why is EI (Emotional Intelligence) important in nursing?

Improves communication, teamwork, conflict resolution.

What is health literacy?

Ability to obtain, read, and understand health information.

What should nurses assume about health literacy?

Treat all clients as if they may have difficulty understanding.

What communication style improves health literacy?

Simple language, no jargon, face‑to‑face teaching.

What emotional factors hinder learning?

Fear, anxiety, depression.

What physical factors hinder learning?

Pain, fatigue, discomfort.

What environmental factors hinder learning?

Noise, distractions, poor lighting.

What cognitive factors hinder learning?

Impaired cognition, stress, confusion.

Five Rights — Right Person

The delegatee must be competent and allowed to perform the task.

Five Rights — Right Direction/Communication

The nurse gives clear, specific instructions including what to report.

Five Rights — Right Supervision/Evaluation

The nurse follows up to ensure the task was completed correctly and evaluates the patient.

What can be delegated: task or nursing judgment?

Only tasks can be delegated — nursing judgment cannot.

What does ABCDE stand for?

Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure.

First priority in ABCDE?

Airway — without a patent airway, the patient cannot survive.

Second priority in ABCDE?

Breathing — without adequate breathing, oxygen cannot reach the tissues.

Third priority in ABCDE?

Circulation — without circulation, blood and oxygen cannot perfuse vital organs.

Fourth priority in ABCDE?

Disability — check LOC (Level of Consciousness) and neuro status to detect life‑threatening changes.

Fifth priority in ABCDE?

Exposure — uncover the patient to find injuries and control temperature.

Maslow’s first level of needs

Physiological: air, food, water, sleep, shelter.

Maslow’s second level

Safety and security: employment, resources, health, property.

Maslow’s third level

Love and belonging: social relationships, family, friends.

Maslow’s fourth level

Esteem: ability, achievement, respect from others.

Maslow’s highest level

Self‑actualization: reaching one’s potential.

Goal of interprofessional collaboration

Client‑centered care through shared communication, roles, and teamwork.

Four IPEC (Interprofessional Education Collaborative) competencies

Values/ethics, roles/responsibilities, interprofessional communication, teams/teamwork.

Example of Physical Therapy role

Helps improve mobility, strength, balance, and walking.

Example of Occupational Therapy role

Helps patients perform ADLs and recommends adaptive equipment.

Example of Speech‑Language Pathologist role

Evaluates and treats swallowing and communication problems.

What is ISBAR used for?

Structured communication of important patient information.

ISBAR — Identify

Identify yourself and the patient.

ISBAR — Situation

State the current problem.

ISBAR — Background

Provide relevant history.

ISBAR — Assessment

Report findings.

ISBAR — Recommendation

State what you need next.

What is read‑back?

Receiver writes the order and reads it back to confirm accuracy.

Closed‑loop communication

Sender gives message → receiver repeats → sender verifies.

Define incivility

Rudeness, gossiping, ignoring, or disrespectful behaviors in the workplace.

Lateral violence

Peer‑to‑peer incivility.

Vertical violence

Incivility between supervisor and subordinate.

Examples of uncivil behaviors

Gossiping, eye‑rolling, mocking, snapping fingers, blaming others.

Zero‑tolerance policy

Facilities must not tolerate incivility and must enforce reporting and accountability.

Cognitive domain

Thinking domain: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation.

Affective domain

Feelings, attitudes, values.

Psychomotor domain

Physical skills, coordination, hands‑on learning.

Return demonstration

Client performs the skill to show understanding.

Teach‑back

Client explains the information back to the nurse to confirm understanding.

Relevance

Adults learn better when they understand why the information matters.

Self‑directed

Adults take responsibility for their learning.

Life experience

Adults use past experiences to understand new information.

Readiness

Adults must be ready and willing to learn.

Task‑centered

Adults learn best when education solves real problems.

Motivation

Internal motivation is essential for learning.

Teaching clients with hearing impairment

Face‑to‑face, speak clearly, reduce noise, keep hands away from face, write key info.

Teaching clients with visual impairment

Use large print, voice‑generated tools, braille if needed.

Teaching elderly clients

Provide calm environment, reduce distractions, repeat information, assess cognition.