Perspectives of Abnormal Behavior

Flashcards on the perspectives of abnormal behavior and related psychological disorders.

Biological Perspective of Abnormal Behavior

Views abnormal behavior as a result of biological factors like genetics, brain abnormalities, chemical imbalances, or illness.

Social Perspective of Abnormal Behavior

Emphasizes the role of societal, cultural, and environmental influences in the development of psychological disorders.

Cognitive Perspective of Abnormal Behavior

Focuses on how distorted thinking patterns, beliefs, and perceptions contribute to abnormal behavior.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Edition 5 (DSM-5)

The current classification system by the American Psychiatric Association used to diagnose and categorize mental disorders.

Schizophrenia Spectrum

A range of disorders characterized by abnormalities in delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and impaired functioning.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A personality disorder involving severe social anxiety, thought disorder, paranoid ideation, and eccentric behavior.

Schizophrenia

A chronic mental disorder featuring delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior, and impaired functioning.

Bipolar I

Involves manic episodes that last at least 7 days or necessitate hospitalization, often with depressive episodes.

Bipolar II

Includes hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes, but not full manic episodes.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A severe form of depression characterized by symptoms like persistent sadness, loss of interest, and feelings of worthlessness.

Anxiety Disorders

A group of disorders marked by excessive fear or anxiety, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and phobias.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder where individuals experience persistent, unwanted thoughts and engage in repetitive behaviors to relieve anxiety.

Trauma and Stress Related Disorders

Disorders that result from exposure to a traumatic event, including PTSD and acute stress disorder.

Dissociative Disorders

Disorders involving disconnection between thoughts, identity, and memory, such as Dissociative Identity Disorder.

Somatic Symptom Disorders

Psychological disorders where a person experiences distressing physical symptoms without a medical explanation.

Personality Disorders

Enduring patterns of thinking and behaving that deviate from cultural expectations and cause functional problems.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A medical treatment for severe depression where electric currents are passed through the brain to trigger seizures.

Trephining

An ancient practice of drilling holes in the skull to release believed 'evil spirits' causing mental illness.

Drug Therapies

The use of medications like antidepressants and antipsychotics to treat psychological disorders.

Psychoanalytic Therapy

Focuses on unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences, associated with Freud.

Humanistic Therapy

Centers on self-growth and self-actualization.

Behavioral Therapy

Uses conditioning to change problematic behaviors.

Cognitive Therapy

Aims to change distorted thinking patterns.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Combines cognitive and behavioral strategies to alter thoughts and behaviors.

Placebo Effect

When a person experiences improvement in symptoms due to believing they are receiving treatment, even if inactive.

Unconditional Positive Regard

A concept from humanistic therapy where the therapist offers complete acceptance and support to the client.