Foundations of Health Psychology

This flashcard set covers the core foundations of health psychology, including models of health, stress mechanisms, and the enactive perspective.

Health Psychology examines how biological, social, and psychological factors influence health and illness, often referred to as the __________ model.

biopsychosocial

Individuals should learn with a __________ to focus on the learning process and view challenges as opportunities rather than obstacles.

growth mindset

The practice of __________ involves exploring a patient's problems in the context of their current situation and previous history.

Anemnesis

The __________ idea proposes that psychiatric disorders are diseases of the brain traced back to abnormalities in the brain.

neuroreductionist

The concept of __________ offers a novel outlook on the relationship between the body, mind, and world.

Enactivism

According to the __________ thesis, mind or sense-making is central to living and distinguishes living beings from nonliving matter.

Life-Mind-Continuity

Humans are capable of __________/existential sense-making, which involves turning sense-making onto itself.

reflexive

An enactive approach views psychiatric disorders as problems of __________ rather than simple brain diseases.

sense-making

The relation between body, mind, and world is described as a __________, or part-whole, relation.

mereological

In complex systems, __________ refer to the principle that not all changes at a local level will be noticeable at a global level.

thresholds

Obesity rates worldwide have doubled since __________ and have tripled in youth over the last 30 years.

$$1980$$

Approximately __________ US adults have prediabetes.

$$84\text{ million}$$

The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular disease, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and __________.

diabetes

The __________ model dominated medical science by defining health as freedom from disease, pain, and defects.

biomedical

Physician __________ was one of the first to propose the biopsychosocial model.

George L. Engel

__________ is an emerging effort to include evidence-based therapeutic approaches like plant-based diets, exercise, and sleep to treat and reverse chronic diseases.

Lifestyle medicine

Stress can be measured using __________, which include emotional, physical, and sexual abuse.

adverse childhood experiences (ACES)

The predominant biological biomarker for measuring stress is __________.

cortisol

__________ describes the stress-induced physiological wear and tear due to stressful life events that affects morbidity and mortality.

Allostatic Load

The ability to thrive and survive despite exposure to adversity is known as __________.

resilience

Cognitive distortions that contribute to chronic stress include rumination, magnification, and __________.

catastrophizing

In a __________ approach, patients are no longer passive but are active participants in their treatment plan.

patient-centered

Only about __________ of patients with chronic disease adhere to their treatment.

$$50\%$$

The journal Social Science & Medicine (SSM) was established by Pergamon Press in __________.

$$1967$$

Neuroscience shows that brain impairments from stressors can be reversible through __________ and persistent re-patterning.

neuroplasticity