Population & Culture

Population Measures

•Rate of Natural Increase

•Annual growth rate for country or region

•Birth rate (minus) death rate (per 1,000 ppl)

•Does not reflect migration gains & losses

•Total Fertility Rate

•Prediction of # of children women will bear

•Age of marriage; frequency of childbearing

•TFR of 2.1 required to maintain population. Why?

Rate of Natural Increase

•Annual growth rate for country or region

•Birth rate (minus) death rate (per 1,000 ppl)

•Does not reflect migration gains & losses

Total Fertility Rate

•Prediction of # of children women will bear

•Age of marriage; frequency of childbearing

•TFR of 2.1 required to maintain population. Why?

Population Pyramids

•Larger number of youth?  Population growth

•Larger number of elderly?  Population loss

•Population Pyramid

–Graph of Age and Gender of Population

–Divided by age groups

–Pyramid Shape:  Growing Population, more youth

–Top-Heavy Shape:  Shrinking Population

•Demographic Transition Model

–Five-Stage Model of Population Change

–Based on birth and death rates, not migration

•Five Stages

–1:  High Death Rate; High Birth Rate  Pop. Low

–2:  Falling Death Rate; High Birth Rate  Pop. ↑ ↑

–3:  Low Death Rate; Falling Birth Rate  Pop. ↑

–4:  Low Death Rate; Low Birth Rate  Pop. Stable

–5:  Very Low Birth & Death Rates  Pop. ↓

push forces

push people out of place

•Culture

–Learned behavior held in common by a group of people

•Universalizing Religions

–Attempts to appeal to all people, regardless of location, culture, or ethnic background

–Christianity, Islam, Buddhism

•Ethnic Religions

–Typically associated with a specific ethnic group or culture

–Judaism, Hinduism