Lecture Notes Flashcards: Foundations of Education, Psychology, and Philippine History & Literature

A set of vocabulary-style flashcards covering key figures, theories, events, and works from the lecture notes, including psychology foundations, curriculum models, and Philippine history and literature topics.

Wilhelm Wundt

Father of modern psychology; established the first psychology laboratory and founded experimental psychology.

Sigmund Freud

Father of Psychoanalysis; proposed the psychosexual theory of development.

Ivan Pavlov

Physiologist who demonstrated classical conditioning (learning by association) using dogs.

John B. Watson

Founder of Behaviorism; emphasized observable behavior as the proper subject of psychology.

B. F. Skinner

Operant conditioning theorist; learning through consequences and reinforcement.

Albert Bandura

Proponent of Social Learning Theory; emphasized modeling, imitation, and self-efficacy.

Edward Thorndike

Pioneer of connectionism; proposed the Law of Effect, Law of Readiness, and Law of Exercise.

Lev Vygotsky

Sociocultural theory; introduced Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and scaffolding.

Jerome Bruner

Advocated discovery learning and the spiral curriculum; constructivist view of learning.

David Ausubel

Meaningful Learning theory; emphasizes meaningful reception of new information with advance organizers.

Howard Gardner

Theory of multiple intelligences; proposes several independent intelligences (e.g., linguistic, logical-minguistic, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, bodily-kinesthetic, naturalistic).

Robert Sternberg

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence: analytical, creative, and practical intelligences.

Jean Piaget

Cognitive development theory; outlines stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.

Erik Erikson

Psychosocial Development theory; eight stages from infancy to adulthood.

Abraham Maslow

Hierarchy of Needs; physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self‑actualization (and later self-transcendence).

Benjamin Bloom

Bloom's Taxonomy; hierarchical model of cognitive objectives (Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, Create).

Krathwohl

taxonomy of the Affective Domain (affective learning objectives).

Robert Gagne

Nine Events of Instruction; framework for sequencing and delivering instruction.

Ralph Tyler

Tyler’s Model of Curriculum: define purposes and objectives, select learning experiences, organize them, and evaluate outcomes.

CIPP Model

Stufflebeam’s framework: Context, Input, Process, and Product for curriculum evaluation.

La Liga Filipina

Secret civic organization founded by Jose Rizal in 1892 to promote reform and unity.

Katipunan (KKK)

Secret revolutionary society (Katipunan ng Mga Anak ng Bayan); spearheaded by Andres Bonifacio and Emilio Jacinto; aimed for Philippine independence.

Tejeros Convention

March 22, 1897; contested election of the revolutionary leadership (Bonifacio vs. Aguinaldo); led to significant consequences for Bonifacio.

Mi Ultimo Adios

Rizal’s farewell poem; translated and presented as Pahimakas by Mariano Ponce.

Noli Me Tangere

Rizal’s social novel (written in Berlin, 1887); translates to Touch Me Not; critiques Philippine society under Spanish rule.

El Filibusterismo

Rizal’s novel (Ghent, 1891); literal meaning Subversive; often called The Reign of Greed.

La Juventud Filipina

To the Filipino Youth; Rizal’s poem dedicated to liberal-minded students at the University of Santo Tomas.

Calamba

Birthplace of Jose Rizal, located in Laguna, Philippines.

Lapu-Lapu

First Filipino hero who killed Magellan at the Battle of Mactan.

GOMBURZA

Martyrs Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora; priests executed during Cavite Mutiny period; sparked Propaganda movement.

Kartilya

Guidebook for Katipunan written by Emilio Jacinto.

Sandugo/Blood Compact

Blood compact between Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna as a symbol of friendship.

Fort Santiago

Prison where Jose Rizal was detained during his exile in the Philippines