De000claration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (1789)

Heavily influenced by Enlightenment ideas; declared that rights applied to every person, not just certain estates.

What happened:

England overthrew King James II and established a constitutional monarchy.

English Bill of Rights:

 The document created during the Glorious Revolution that ensured Parliament's superiority over the monarchy. William of Orange and Mary had to sign it before becoming king and queen. It was the first Bill of Rights.

Why it mattered:

It showed that a monarch could be removed for violating constitutional principles and helped establish real limits on royal power — a key building block for later democratic government.

Mexican War of Independence:

Began September 16, 1810, with the Grito de Dolores, issued by the priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.

Miguel Hidalgo & Abbé Sieyès:

Both were members of the clergy who became key voices for revolutionary change in their countries.