Biology - 9 Respiration - 9.1 Aerobic Respiration & 9.2 The Response to Exercise

Aerobic repiration equation

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Aerobic respiration: endothermic or exothermic

exothermic

Where in a cell does aerobic respiration take place?

mitochondria

Mitochondria adaptation

folded inner membrane providing large surface area for enzymes involved in aerobic respiration

Why is respiration necessary? [4]

- building and breaking down molecules
- in animals, making muscles contract
- in mammals and birds, maintaining a constant internal temperature
- in plants, active transport of mineral ions into the root hair cells

What molecule do muscles store for energy?

glycogen

During exercise, muscles need more:

glucose and oxygen for increased respiration

During exercise, muscles produce more ... which needs to be ...

carbon dioxide, removed to keep muscles functioning properly

Changes that take place when muscular activity increases:

- Heart rate increases and arteries dilate,
- Breathing rate increases and breathe more deeply
- Glycogen converted to glucose

Heart rate increases and arteries dilate

increasing the flow of oxygenated blood to muscles. This increases the supply of oxygen and glucose for increased aerobic respiration and the rate that CO₂ is removed

Breathing rate increases and breathe more deeply

meaning you breather more often and bring more air into the lungs with each breath. This increases the rate that oxygen is brought into the body, picked up by red blood cells and delivered to exercising muscles. It also increases the rate that CO₂ is removed

Glycogen converted to glucose

to supply cells with fuel for aerobic respiration