SE Final

Architecture

Helps in stakeholder communication, system analysis, and large-scale reuse.

MVC

Architectural pattern that separates data, view, and controller; good for multi-view systems.

Layered Architecture

Functionality divided into layers, allowing for easier replacement but may impact performance.

Repository Pattern

Centralized data access pattern; effective for data-driven systems but poses a single point of failure.

Client-Server Architecture

Distributed services model where performance depends on network and servers are points of failure.

Performance (Architecture Impact)

Achieved by localizing operations in software design.

Security (Architecture Impact)

Enhanced through layered architecture.

Safety (Architecture Impact)

Obtained by isolating critical subsystems.

Availability (Architecture Impact)

Ensured through redundancy in system design.

Maintainability (Architecture Impact)

Improved through small, replaceable components in architecture.

Build or Buy Decision

Choosing between off-the-shelf products to reduce time/cost versus designing custom solutions.

Design Process

Involves object identification which is often hard and iterative.

Static Models

Models that represent the structure of a system.

Dynamic Models

Models that represent interactions within a system.

Observer Pattern

Design pattern used for synchronizing views when data changes.

Façade Pattern

Design pattern that simplifies interfaces for easier interaction.

Iterator Pattern

Standard design pattern for data access.

Decorator Pattern

Design pattern to add behavior to objects at runtime.

Implementation Focus

Emphasizes reuse, configuration management, and host-target setup.

Reuse Levels

Levels include Abstraction, Object, Component, System.

GPL License

Requires derived works to be open-sourced.

LGPL License

Allows linking without the obligation to open-source own code.

BSD License

Has no obligations to open source software.

Goals of Software Testing

To validate that requirements are met and to detect defects.

Types of Testing

Include development, release, and user testing.

Verification

Asks if we are building the product correctly.

Validation

Asks if we are building the right product.

Inspections

Static testing methods that find anomalies without code execution.

Automated Testing

Utilizes tools like JUnit for fast feedback in software testing.

Test Partitioning

Grouping similar inputs to enhance testing efficiency.

Guideline-based Testing

Testing that checks known patterns where bugs occur.

Interface Testing

Involves testing boundaries, null inputs, and invalid calls.

Use-case Testing

Simulates real-world usage scenarios for effective testing.

Test Driven Development (TDD)

A development approach where tests are written before the actual code is developed.

Regression Testing

The practice of re-running tests after changes to ensure no new defects are introduced.

Types of Maintenance

Include Corrective, Adaptive, and Perfective maintenance strategies.

Reengineering

Total overhaul of a system for better maintainability.

Refactoring

Continuous improvement of software without changing its external behavior.

Legacy System Strategies

Include Scrap, Maintain, Reengineer, and Replace options.

Maintenance Cost Factors

Include program age, team skill, and system complexity.

Project Success Criteria

Defined by being on time, on budget, and meeting expectations.

Project Risks

Include delays, staff issues, defects, and tool failures.

Risk Process Steps

Include Identify, Analyze, Plan, and Monitor.

People Management in Projects

Focuses on respect, honesty, inclusion, and cohesion to build better teams.

Project Plan Components

Includes risk plan, validation plan, schedule, and resources.

Scheduling Issues

Focused on task breakdown, dependencies, milestones, and delays.

Cost Estimation Methods

Include experience-based judgment and empirical models like COCOMO 2.

COCOMO 2 Models

Include models for application composition, early design, reuse, and post-architecture.

Effort and Duration Estimation

Utilizes formulas based on project size to estimate required staff and time.