Eye Flashcards

What are the three layers of the eye?

Fibrous layer, vascular layer, and inner layer

What structures form the fibrous layer?

sclera and cornea

What protects the eye, maintains its shape, and anchors the extrinsic eye muscles?

Sclera

What allows light to enter the eye and refracts, or bends, the light?

Cornea

What structures are part of the vascular layer?

choroid, ciliary body, iris, and pupil

What supplies blood to the eye and absorbs stray light?

Choroid

What changes the shape of the lens during accommodation and produces aqueous humor?

Ciliary body

What is the colored portion of the eye that controls the size of the pupil?

Iris

What is the opening in the center of the iris through which light enters?

Pupil

What structures belong to the inner layer?

Retina and optic disc

What contains photoreceptors that detect light and begins the formation of visual signals?

Retina

What are the sensory receptors in the retina that respond to light?

Photoreceptors

Where is the location where the optic nerve exits the eye? This is also called the blind spot.

Optic disc

Between the cornea and the lens.

Anterior cavity

What fluid fills the anterior cavity?

Aqueous humor

What nourishes the cornea and lens and helps maintain pressure inside the eye?

Aqueous humor

What is behind the lens

Posterior cavity

What fills the posterior cavity

Vitreous humor

What maintains the eye’s shape and helps hold the retina in place?

Vitreous humor

What focuses light onto the retina?

Lens

What are the fibers that connect the lens to the ciliary body and helps control the lens’s shape?

Suspensory ligaments

What carries visual sensory information from the retina to the brain?

Optic nerve

What is the reflective layer in the sheep eye that improves vision in dim light?

Tapetum lucidum

What is the thin membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the anterior sclera?

Conjunctiva

What is the group of structures that produces and drains tears?

Lacrimal apparatus

What is the pathway of tears?

lacrimal gland, lacrimal punctum, lacrimal canaliculus, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct

What produces tears?

Lacrimal gland

What is the small opening that collects tears from the eye’s surface?

Lacrimal punctum

What carries tears from the lacrimal punctum to the lacrimal sac?

Lacrimal canaliculus

What collects tears before they enter the nasolacrimal duct?

Lacrimal sac

What drains tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity?

Nasolacrimal duct

What is the path of light through the eye?

Cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina

What primarily moves the eye upward?

Superior rectus muscle

What primarily moves the eye downward?

Inferior rectus muscle

What moves the eye medially towards the nose?

Medial rectus muscle

What moves the eye laterally away from the nose?

Lateral rectus muscle

What primarily moves the eye downward and laterally?

Superior oblique muscle

What primarily moves the eye upward and laterally?

Inferior oblique muscle