Pharmacology and Nursing Care Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of practice flashcards derived from lecture notes covering pharmacology, drug administration, nursing interventions, and common medical conditions.

Isoniazid

A drug that disrupts the mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall and inhibits replication.

Strabismus

A visual disorder in which the eyes are misaligned and point in different directions.

Schedule $1$ drug

A type of schedule drug that has a high potential for abuse and is unsafe.

Gold Therapy Contraindications

Severe hepatic or renal disease, pregnancy, blood dyscrasias, colitis, and systemic lupus erythematous.

Acetylcysteine side effects

Dizziness, drowsiness, vomiting, bronchospasm, rhinorrhea, and nausea.

Miotic medications

Eye medications that constrict the pupils.

Spiriva or Atrovent contraindication

Should not be used in patients with closed angle glaucoma.

Expectorants

Drugs such as guaifenesin that loosen mucus to allow the patient to cough and expel it.

Ventrogluteal IM injection needle size

$\text{20-23 gauge}$, $1-1/2\text{ inch}$ needle, and $1-3\text{ mL}$ volume.

Monophasic Birth Control

A type of birth control that has an equal ratio of each drug.

Opiate hold criteria

The nurse should hold the drug if the patient has less than $12\text{ breaths per min}$.

Intermediate Acting Insulin

Example include NPH.

Ginseng

An herbal medicine used to relieve stress and serve as an energy booster.

Carbamazepine

Used for trigeminal neuralgia and bipolar disorders when lithium does not work.

Albuterol

A drug used to treat acute bronchospasm.

Milk of Magnesia

Given as an antacid or for constipation.

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) mechanism

Inactivates norepinephrine, dopamine, epinephrine, and serotonin.

Parenteral pain medication evaluation

Evaluation of effectiveness needs to occur within $15-30\text{ min}$.

Warfarin/Coumadin food avoidance

Patients should avoid green leafy vegetables.

Vitamin D

Plays a major role in regulating calcium and phosphorous metabolism and is needed for calcium absorption in the intestines.

Short Acting Insulin

Examples include Regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R).

Tamsulosin

A drug used to shrink the prostate gland and improve urinary flow.

Ceruminolytics

Used to loosen ear wax.

Pain threshold

The point at which an individual first acknowledges or interprets a sensation as being painful.

Spironolactone

A potassium sparing diuretic that blocks sodium retaining and potassium and magnesium excreting properties of aldosterone.

Withdrawal syndrome

The person's physical and mental response after stopping or severely reducing the use of a substance used regularly.

Docusate

Used for constipation during pregnancy.

Type $1$ Diabetes

A condition where the pancreas does not secrete insulin.

Statins

Drugs used to lower cholesterol.

Drug Distribution

The movement of the drug from the circulation to body tissues.

Fructosamine test timeframe

Reflects the average blood glucose level attained over the past $1\text{ to }3\text{ weeks}$.

ACE Inhibitors suffix

These drugs end with -pril.

Digoxin Toxicity Antidote

Digibind.

Anticholinergics side effects

Can't pee, can't see, can't spit, can't poop.

Atropine

The antidote for a Cholinergic Crisis.

Oligospermia

A side effect of testosterone involving low sperm count.

Delta waves

The slowest and highest amplitude brain waves.

Iron absorption

Best absorbed when taken with vitamin C.

Acetaminophen

Used for pain during pregnancy, with a maximum dose of $4\text{ g}$.

Phenytoin toxicity sign

Nystagmus.

Orthostatic hypotension prevention

A patient taking Nitroglycerin should be taught to rise slowly.

Chlorpromazine side effects

Strong sedation, severe orthostatic hypotension, and moderate EPS (extrapyramidal symptoms).

Bulk forming laxatives instruction

Teach the patient to drink plenty of fluids.

Trough level timing

Taken $30-60\text{ min}$ before giving the medicine.

Loop Diuretic

Furosemide.

Pharmacokinetics

The process of drug movement throughout the body necessary to achieve drug action.

Mydriatic medications

Medications that dilate the pupils.

Echinacea

Used as an herbal immune enhancer.

Superinfection

Resistance caused when normal flora are killed by antibiotics, leading to a new, difficult-to-eliminate infection.

-zosin

Suffix for Selective Alpha Adrenergic Blockers.

Amblyopia

A loss of visual acuity in the nondominant eye caused by lack of use in early childhood.

Akathisia

A sign of Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) characterized by constant motion or pacing.

Emetics

Used for the ingestion of toxic substances.

Grand-mal (tonic-clonic) seizure

The most common form of seizure, generalized by alternating muscle spasms.

MAOIs food precaution

Avoid foods with tyramine such as cheese, coffee, cream, and red wine to prevent Hypertensive crisis.

Vitamin K

Antidote for Warfarin/Coumadin Toxicity and essential for blood clotting.

-prazole

Suffix for Proton Pump Inhibitor drugs.

A1c test timeframe

Reflects the average blood sugar level attained over the past $8-10\text{ weeks}$.

Protamine sulfate

The antidote for Heparin overdose.

-setron

Suffix for Serotonin Receptor Agonists.

Myasthenia Crisis

Caused by an underdose of edrophonium.

Naloxone (Narcan)

The antidote for Opiate overdose.

Agranulocytosis

An adverse effect of Clozapine.

Cessation

A stopping or discontinuance.

Scurvy treatment

Vitamin C.

Saw Palmetto

Used to relieve symptoms of prostate issues.

-one

Suffix for Glucocorticoids and Intranasal Glucocorticoids.

A1c measurement

Measures the percentage of hemoglobin that has been irreversibly glycosylated because of high blood sugar levels.

Sucralfate

A pepsin inhibitor drug used as a coating agent for protecting ulcers; should be taken on an empty stomach.

Inhalation

A drug route inhaled through the mouth or nose into the respiratory tract for absorption.

Vastus lateralis IM volume

$0.5\text{ ml}$ in infants, $1\text{ ml}$ in pediatric, and $1-1.5\text{ ml}$ in adults.