DNA structure

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14 Terms

1
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid; A nucleic acid found in the nucleus of all living cells, which carries the organism's hereditary information.
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2
Chromosomes
rod-shaped cellular structure made of condensed chromatin; contains DNA, which carries the genetic information that controls inherited characteristics such as eye color and blood type.
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3
Nucleotide
in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base
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4
Double Helix
Shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases
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5
Adenine
nitrogenous base "A"; connects to thymine in DNA and connects to uracil in RNA
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6
Thymine
nitrogenous base "T"; connects to adenine in DNA
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7
Sugar
The molecule that is bonded between the phosphate and the base in the DNA double helix
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8
Phosphate
The part of the nucleotide subunit that forms the sides or "rails" of the DNA double helix ladder
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9
Cytosine
nitrogenous base "C" connects with guanine
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10
Guanine
nitrogenous base "G"; connects to cytosine
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11
Base
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine are known as these in DNA
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12
Francis Crick and James Watson
Described the structure of DNA and how it carries genetic information in 1953. Built a three-dimensional model of the molecules of DNA
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13
Rosalind Franklin
Woman who generated x-ray images of DNA, she provided Watson and Crick with key data about DNA
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14
Erwin Chargaff
Analyzed the base content of DNA and found that the amount of adenine equaled the amount of thymine and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine.
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