History of Imperalism

fredick jackson turner

- spoke at chicago world fair -> abotu the book he wrote

topics turner talked about

- industrialization
- post civil war reconstruction
- mass immigration
- western exploration made us more American (fronter thesis)

what turner though would be a threat to the american character

closing the frontier

american progress by john gast

- white people coming, natives go bye bye
- angel carrying education and tech with her

manifest destiny

the idea that its our duty to god to conquer amercia east to west

true or false, westeward expasion waas viewed as a growth spurt

true

how did factories/industrializations led to westward expasion

- a lot of stuff
- more cumstomers
- more land for factries

immigrants led to westward expasnion how

need jobs -> more factory employees

alfred thayer mahan

- need to come up with a blueprint for imperial growth

which country did we use as inspo for imperial growth

england

imperial growth blueprint strategies

- large cargo fleet
- naval power
- acquire territories and harbors

problems americans faced trying to get

- many countries taken (by europeans)
- american value is against it
- $$$
- dont piss off europe

imperalist name back in that day

expansionist

reasons america wanted to imperlist- ecomonics

- money
- raw materials
- power + influence

reasons america wanted to imperlist- being "helpful"

- manifest destiny
- spritual knoweldge to natives
- improve their lives
- medicine
- education
- technology
- democracy

reasons america wanted to imperlist- rationalization (bs excuses)

- social darwinism
- manifest destiny
- if we dont, someone else will
- anglo-saxonism (white supremacy)

anglo-saxonism

white supremacy

do imperalists need to agree with all of the reasons to support imperalism

no

white man's burden

- poem
- pro imperalism

rudyard kipling

- wrote teh white mans burden
- justified imperalism

first place america did imperoalism

central america
- banana republic

banana republic

- american fruit companies in ecntral america
- more power than national government (force + financial leverage)

how did babna republic get power and how much power

more power than national governmetn
force and finical levarege

hawaii before imperalsim

- own nation and goverment
- america was trading
- wealthyg people can push around governmetn

what did wealthy people do in hawaii

- bayonet constituation
- pushed around government
- forced goverment officals to do as they say

does hawaii like america

no
- hawian soverigny momevemtn (today)

ruler of hawaii + impact

queen litoukalani
- overthrew queen with US marines
- US took control of island

cuba before actaul imperalsim

- US had bussiness interests
- like exports and trade with them
- controlled by Spain
- Spain empire was kinda dying out a bit

monroe doctrine

request to european nations stay out of US hemisphere

jose marti

- cuban indepence seeker
- enemey of the state of spain
- thomas paine of cuba -> writer, poet, speaker
- deis a martyr for rebellion

maximo gomez

- cuban revolution
- rebel with me or be the enemy (and be shot hehe)
- destory plantations

spain response to cuba rebellion

- sends army
- sends valerio weylers (the butcher)
- make concentration camps
- crush rebel spritis
- storage their resources
- burning the island down (both sides)

mckinley

- presdeint
- got killed
- hard to read
- not eager for war

america does what after seeing the cuban rebellion

- mckinley is prez

yellow journalism

- more clickbait/ read freidnly
- more appealing to readign eye

yellow journalism for cuba

- made spain look like mosnter
- free cuba from spain
- put pressure on president (mckinley) to intervene

people who wanted to stay out of cuba

secretary of state- william jennings bryan

who supported imperalism in cuba

- the press
- war hawks
- jingos

jingos

- congressmen who wanted war with Spain
- believed in aggressive nationalism

the de lome letter

- letter intercepted from spanish ambassor from US to spain
- intercepted by cuban revolutnieis
- called mickinley weak + mocked him
- given to the yellow press
- enraged US public + McKinley

uss maine

- best battleship
- sent to havana harbor (cuba) to make sure american businessmen in cuba rn
- just sat in the harbor for a couple months
- also intimated the Spanish
- exploded in the middle of the night

uss maine explosion following actions

- 260 americans died
- explosion set off ammunition too
- US thought it was attack from spain
- spain denied doing it
- yellow press made more propangda
- mckinley sends down investigators and also spain

what did the spansih think teh uss maine explosion was

internal explosion

what did the US think the uss maine explsion was

a mine but they were kinda unsure (blamed the spanish)

what did US decide after uss miane explosion investigation comes back

war with spain (spanish american war) + teller amendment

teller amendment

- US is not trying to annex/take cuba
- just to make spain go bye bye

advantages of US in spanish-american war

- navy ready to go
- goes toward philippines (another spain territory)

disadvantages of US in spanish-american war

- army was unpreparded so needed to train and meet up
- voluneteers rush to join the fight

advantages of Spain in spanish-american war

- army stationed in cuba were familar with everything

disadvantages of Spain in spanish-american war

- fading empire
- bad ecomonical state
- not supplying their froces in terrtoires, especially phippines

spanish-american war

- us is picking spain ships one by one will spain trying to leave the island -> happened almost immediately
- ground invasion of cuba is quick and one-sdied
- "a splendid little war"

paper tiger/paper champion

a person or thing that appears threatening but is ineffectual

paper tiger/champion in spanish-american war

spain

teddy roosevelt

- believed nothing is more manly than fighting in a war
- became a cowboy
- rough riders: teddy's friends including cowboys and polo players -> very diverse group
- battle of san juan hill

treaty of paris (spanish-american war)

- spain surrenders control of cuba
- spain gave us philippines, guam, and puerto rico
- us gives spain $20 million

cuba after american-spanish war ended

- teller amednemnt modifeid by platt amendment
- US troops stay on cuba

platt amendment

- US wont take cuba over but they have some thoguhts
- US will stay on the island until they make their own constitution
- US navy bases in cuba (Guantanamo bay)
- cuba forbidden to make treaties with other nations with US approval
- cuba must keep debts lows
- don't get into military agreements
- US can get involved in anything they don't like

spanish imperialism in philippines + its end

- rebelling agaisnt spanish for a while
- spain surrenders to America
- america marched into spanish buildings -> oh no for philippines

american people feel of philippines imperlalsim

sparks huge debate
- is us going to be imperialists?
- us looks in mirror
- american role in the world

filipinos use what to fight back american imperalists

- guerilla tactics (hit and run attacks)

american did what to filipinos during the war

- concetration camps
- arresting people
- burning down villiages

compare what spain did to cuba to what america did to phillipines

practically the same
- hypocritical of US

what happened after phillipines lost the war

- aguinaldo captured and froced to sign alleginace to US
- declared the war over but filipinos kept fighting for 5-10 years
- US millitary stays

death toll of filipino war with us

- many deaths, mainly from diease
- a little less filipino deaths, mostly civilians

why is trade in china importatn

- huge location
- valuable resources
- europe there bc spheres of influence

how did us get ahold of china

- too late for spheres of infleuence
- proposes "open door policy"

boxer rebllion

- china rebellions angry at other foreign nations
- impact economies
- attempts to change their relgion/culture
- troops from mainly england, japan, and russia fougth

roosevelt corollary

- extension of Monroe Doctrine
- if country uncivilized -> US will take over
- other countries in the americas need to follow our rules

what country is the international policeman

usa

big stick diplomacy

- "big stick" symbolizes his powerre/adiness to use military force if necessary
- intimidating countries without harming them

why did TR want panama canal

- TR wants to sponsor this
- important for trade and military

did columbia want the panama canal

no

what did panama do so canal can be built

= rebel against columbia and amek theri own coutnry

panama's chief soruce of income

the canal

TR role in russo-japanese war

- helps them negotiate a treaty -> earned nobel prize for that

imperlism role in involvment in foreign policy

increases foreign policy

TR impact on navy

- make bigger
- new battleship fleet -> Great White Fleet
- sent them on journey aroudn the world -> friendly trip and flexign on other countries

who did roosevelt intially support to become presdeitn after him

taft

what taft wanted to do in regards to US influecne

- expand US influecne around the wrold
- avoid using ttroops whenever possible

dollar diplomacy

- use big stick only in emergency
- economic investment to colonize
- encourge projects in other coutnries by offering loans
- loans to other governments

dollar diplomacy was succesful in

- central america
- cuba
- haiti
- liberia
- venezuela

dollar diplomacy was NOT successful in

- china (already controlled by other countires and dont rlly need to money)
- dominican republic
- MEXICO

foreign policy under wilson

- moral diplomacy
- objected to impoeralism
- believed in American exceptionalism -> all countries should be democratic

moral diplomacy

- objected imperalism -> all countires need to be democratic
- remove economic support/millitary if not democratic

test structure

- multi choice
- open ended -> paragraph