Period 3 APUSH Key Terms Part 2 (copy)

Republican Motherhood

Idea that American women were responsible for cultivating “civic virtue” in their children

Articles of Confederation

First written constitution of the US / Had a strong state government and a weak central government / No executive/judicial branch

Northwest Territory

Area between the Great Lakes and the Ohio Mississippi River

Treaty of Greenville

Document that forced Native Americans to relocate west of Ohio territory / Allowed for more colonial settlement

Shays’ Rebellion

1786 revolt where poor Western farmers exposed several weaknesses of the AoC / Held many similarities to Bacon’s Rebellion

Coverture

Legal status of married women / All rights are lost and given to the husband

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Legislation that provides for the orderly transformation of Western territories into states / Outlawed enslavement in the region

Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the new Constitution that argued against creating a strong central government

Federalist Papers

Series of pro-constitutional articles by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay to gather support fro the publication of the Constitution

3/5ths Compromise

Compromise between Northern/Southern constitutional delegates / resulted in slaves being counted as 3/5ths of the population

Strict Construction

Belief that the federal government cannot do anything that is not directly stated in the Constitution

Assumption Bill

Hamilton’s policy of having the federal government pay the financial obligations of the states

Jay Treaty

Treaty between the US and Britain / Outraged Americans and demonstrated that the US was not a real threat to Britain

Pinckney Treaty

Agreement between Spain and the US / Granted the US free navigation of the Mississippi River

Whiskey Rebellion

Revolt by poor western farmers that was suppressed by Washington and Hamilton / Proved the effectiveness of the Constitution

Federalist Party

Political party that wanted a strong government run by the wealthy / Government aid to business

Democratic-Republican Party

Political party that emphasized states’ rights and a pro-French foreign policy

Bank of the United States

Institution by Hamilton to create a stable currency / Hated by states-rights

Proclamation of Neutrality

Proclamation of Washington based on belief that the US should not compete militarily with other major world powers

Washington’s Farewell Address

Message to America to avoid foreign entanglements / Cautioned about regionalism and the influence of political parties

Alien and Sedition Acts

Harsh and unconstitutional laws that were aimed at radical immigrants and government critics

Fugitive Slave Cause

Constitutional provision that required states to return freedom seekers back to enslaved plantations

XYZ Affair

Incident where 3 French agents attempted to extract bribes from American diplomats / Humiliated the US

Loose Construction

Belief that the federal government can do whatever it wants unless stated in the AoC

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Political theory formed by Jefferson and Madison / Declared the 13 states had created the Constitution and could nullify federal laws considered unconstitutional