Chapter 15 Overview of Psychological Disorders and DSM-V

Person-first language

Language prioritizing the individual over their disorder.

DSM-V

Fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual.

Diagnostic Criteria

Specific guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders.

Prevalence

Total cases of a disorder in a time frame.

Incidence

New cases of a disorder in a time frame.

Comorbidity

Co-occurring diagnoses of two or more disorders.

3 D's of Abnormal Behavior

Personal distress, dysfunction, and deviance criteria.

Biological Perspectives

View disorders linked to genetic and biological factors.

Biopsychosocial Perspective

Combines biological, psychological, and social factors.

Diathesis-Stress Model

Predicts disorder likelihood based on vulnerability and stress.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Characterized by intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.

Anxiety Disorders

Excessive apprehension affecting daily functioning.

Cognitive factors

Thinking styles that perceive threats in events.

Mood Disorders

Disorders characterized by significant mood disturbances.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Affects 6.6% of U.S. population annually.

Bipolar I Disorder

Characterized by manic episodes and depression.

Bipolar II Disorder

Characterized by hypomanic and depressive episodes.

Schizophrenia

Marked by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behavior.

Positive Symptoms

Additions to behavior, like hallucinations in schizophrenia.

Negative Symptoms

Absences in behavior, like lack of motivation.

Feeding & Eating Disorders

Disorders related to unhealthy eating patterns.

Personality Disorders

Inflexible patterns causing distress or impairment.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Characterized by social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy.

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Characterized by detachment from social relationships.

Neurochemical factors

Imbalances in neurotransmitters affecting mood and behavior.

Cognitive-Behavioral Conceptualization

Links thoughts and behaviors to anxiety disorders.