Classical and Operant Conditioning Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts of classical and operant conditioning based on lecture notes.

What is classical conditioning?

A type of associative learning in which two stimuli are paired together to produce a new, learned response.

Who is known for classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov

What is an unconditioned stimulus (US)?

A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response.

What is an unconditioned response (UR)?

The natural response to the unconditioned stimulus.

What is a neutral stimulus (NS)?

A stimulus that initially does not elicit a specific response.

What happens to the neutral stimulus after conditioning?

It becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS).

What is the conditioned response (CR)?

The learned response to a previously neutral (now conditioned) stimulus.

What is associative learning?

Associating two things together.

Which brain part is involved in associative learning?

Hippocampus

What did Ivan Pavlov experiment on?

Dogs

What was Pavlov studying when he conditioned dogs?

Salivation to the sound of a bell.

What does reinforcement do to behavior?

Increases behavior.

What does punishment do to behavior?

Decreases behavior.

Operant Conditioning

Instrumental Learning

What is positive reinforcement?

Adding something to increase a behavior.

What is negative reinforcement?

Taking away something to increase a behavior.

What is positive punishment?

Adding something to decrease a behavior.

What is negative punishment?

Taking away something to decrease a behavior.