12) Static Electricity:

What causes the build-up of static electricity?

Rubbing certain insulating materials together causes the transfer of negatively charged electrons.

What happens to the charges of materials when electrons are transferred?

One material gains a positive static charge, while the other gains an equal negative static charge.

Do positive charges move in static electricity?

No, only electrons move. Positive charges result from the loss of electrons.

What occurs when too much static electricity builds up on an object?

It can create a spark when electrons jump to the earth or to an earthed conductor.

Why might someone experience a static shock when exiting a car?

The car's metal frame builds up static charge, and touching it allows charge to flow through you to the earth.

How do like and opposite charges behave?

Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract each othe

What is electrostatic attraction/repulsion?

It is a non-contact force where charged objects exert forces on each other without touching.

What happens to the force between charged objects as the distance increases?

The force becomes weaker as the distance between the objects increases.

How can you observe electrostatic forces?

By suspending a charged rod; a nearby object with the same charge will repel it, while an opposite charge will attract it.

Why did Arya hear a crackling noise and see sparks when removing her jumper?

Friction between her jumper and shirt transferred electrons, causing a build-up of static charge that resulted in sparks when the potential difference became large enough.