POLI 210 Final Exam Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts from POLI 210 lectures, focusing on revolutions, nationalism, political culture, and the welfare state.

Civil War

Armed conflict within a state between factions.

Revolution

Fundamental transformation of political regime and social structure.

Security Dilemma

Preemptive violence due to fear between factions.

Rural-Urban Divide

Economic and social cleavages.

Geography & Poverty

Insurgents thrive in poor, mountainous terrain.

Ethnic Fragmentation

Heightens internal mistrust.

Rape as Socialization

Builds group cohesion among fighters.

Types of Revolutions

Categories of revolutions such as social, political, peaceful, anti-colonial, and coup d'état.

Social Revolution

Changes both political and social institutions.

Political Revolution

Regime change without deep social transformation.

Peaceful Revolution

Revolution achieved without violence, exemplified by the Velvet Revolution (1989).

Coup d'État

Military-led, elite-driven seizure of power.

Class Oppression

Economic injustice according to Marxist theory.

State Weakness

Collapsing institutions leading to civil unrest.

External Pressures

Outside influences that exacerbate conflicts, such as Cold War proxy conflicts.

Preference Falsification

Hidden dissent until reaching a tipping point.

Identity-Based Tensions

Conflicts arising from differing ideologies, religions, or ethnic identities.

Civic Nationalism

Inclusive nationalism based on shared values like democracy.

Ethnic Nationalism

Exclusive nationalism based on shared ancestry or culture.

Citizenship by Birthplace

Jus soli

Citizenship by Descent

Jus sanguinis

Exclusionary Ethnic Nationalism

A form of nationalism that marginalizes minorities and may lead to violence.

Origins of Nationalism

Nationalism as a by-product of industrialization.

Gender in Politics

Gender influences laws and representation in political contexts.

Gender Pay Gap

The disparity in earnings between men and women.

Realism in International Relations

The belief that human nature is selfish and states seek survival.

Liberalism in International Relations

The idea that states are rational and not solely power-seeking.

Constructivism in International Relations

The perspective that international politics is socially constructed.

Welfare State

Government systems providing social protection through public services.

De-commodification

The extent to which individuals can maintain livelihoods without reliance on the market.

Gender and the Welfare State

The impact of caregiving expectations on women in welfare systems.