adolsescent psych

Androgynous adolescents

________ are more flexible and creative, better at saying no, and have a more favourable self image.

Feedback loop

________ in endocrine system Monitors and adjusts levels of sex hormones Set point is the optimal level Once set point is reached, hormone production goes down.

Gender

________ in psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female.

Correlational research research

________ that seeks to identify whether an association or relationship between two factors exists.

EEG

________: where in brain is making noise fMRI: which parts of the brain lights up Heart rate Galvanic skin response: sweaty palm- can measure anxiety Hormone changes.

Plato & Aristotle

________ (4- 5th century)- Adolescence is the period of life when capacity for reason emerges- Rational thought over emotion- Think in a more creative way- They believed that we should delay "real "adolescent education b /c before then emotions cloud judgment.

Reductionism Breaking

________ up a phenomenon into separate part to such an extent that the meaning and coherence of the phenomenon as a whole becomes lost.

Adolescence

________ have stronger optimistic bias than adults.

Anorexia

________ nervosa an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves + feelings of pride /control.

Long Term Memory

________ is assumed to have (nearly) infinite capacity and permanent duration.

Equilibrium

________ A state of cognitive balance, which occurs when your scheme matches your experience.

temporary storage

Working memory Provides ________ and manipulation of info being processed.

Baby boomers

________= raised their children to have extremely high self- esteem.

Androgyny

________- state of being simultaneously very masculine and very feminine.

Hypothalamus

________ gradually increases production of gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GnRH)

LGBTQ+

________ and eating disorders- more eating disorders among gay males compared to straight males, but not compared to lesbian females.

self reflection

Computer analogy Computers have no capacity for ________, no awareness of how their cognitive processes are integrated, organized and monitored- which leaves the analogy insufficient and inadequate.

logical coherence of evidence

Reflective Judgment the capacity to evaluate the accuracy and ________ and arguments.

Personal

________ Fable The belief in an imaginary audience that is highly conscious of how you look and act leads to the belief that there must be something special, something unique about you.

FSH & LH

The surge in ________ leads to increases in estrogen and androgens, which are responsible for most of the observable biological changes we see during puberty.

contrast people

Cross- cultural research research designed to compare and ________ of different cultures.

Observational research

________ gathering primary data by observing relevant people, actions, and situations.

Manhood

________ is something that has to be achieved.

Bulimia

________ nervosa an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high- calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Jeffrey Jensen Arnett

________-"Generation WE- "States that adolescents today are more connected w the world.

Accommodation Entails

________ modifying or changing the scheme to adapt to new information.

time period

Adolescence- the ________ between the beginning of puberty and adulthood.

Role of experience

________ and scaffolding Scaffolding: given just a little at a time in order to advance Bit by bit to get to the next level.

GnRH

________ signals pituitary gland to release 2 hormones that act directly on the testes for males and the ovaries females: Follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH)

Vygotsky

Scaffolding (________)- Refers to the degree of assistance provided to the adolescent in the zone of proximal development- Scaffolding should gradually decrease as adolescents become more competent at a task.

Disequilibrium

________ When your scheme does not match your experience, you experience distress (________)

adolescence

the time period between the beginning of puberty and adulthood

Post Industrial Revolution

Information was coming out on labour factories

G. Stanley Hall

(STORM & STRESS) Viewed adolescence as a period of inevitable turmoil that takes place during the transition from childhood to adulthood

adolescent culture -Transportation

> adolescents were not stuck in one place

partcipant observation Structured

observer is given a list of things to look for (time intervals & how measures will be taken)

Unstructured

no codebook, observe everything

Cross

Sectional Methods Studies conducted by looking at a single phenomenon across multiple populations at a single point in time, with no intention for follow-up in the design

puberty

Latin term "pubescere" = "to grow hair"

Hypothalamus gradually increases production of gonadotropin

releasing hormone (GnRH)

GnRH signals pituitary gland to release 2 hormones that act directly on the testes for males and the ovaries females

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH)

During Follicular phase is stable 36.2 degrees At 14 days ovulation

Luteal phase body temp increases to about 37 degrees

5‐20% of eating disorder population is male; of those, 14

42% are gay or bisexual

Piagets theory criticism

come abilities emerge earlier than he thought

Horizontal decalage

uneven performance

Role of experience and scaffolding Scaffolding

given just a little at a time in order to advance Bit by bit to get to the next level

it can handle between 7-9 units or stimuli at a time for only about 5-15 seconds at a time before forgotten -If the student does not process that information in some way, it is forgotten within 5

15 seconds

This is where the Working Memory begins its job

it is the processing, called Rehearsal, that is important here

Two main types of rehearsal

Maintenance & Elaborative

Maintenance

rehearsal in which a thought or an idea is repeated over and over in order to keep it in the working memory

Elaborative

rather than just repeating information over and over, some sort of meaning is attached to a term or piece of information

long-term memory

Through encoding, info has now arrived at the final stage of information processing model

Computer analogy Computers have no capacity for self-reflection, no awareness of how their cognitive processes are integrated, organized and monitored

which leaves the analogy insufficient and inadequate

Strengths of Vygotsky's theory

Importance of social contexts of learning & cognitions

Limitations of Vygotsky's Theory

No explanation of the processes that govern development

Selman's theory of perspective taking

Selman's theory of perspective taking is based on a stage approach that children and adolescents go through

achieving manhood

boys provide, protect, procreate

-communal manhood

preparing 2 be head of house