APES - Chapter 7 : Human Populations

demography

The study of human populations and population trends

demographer

A scientist in the field of demography

immigration

The movement of people into a country or region, from another country or region

emigration

the movement of people out of a country or region.

crude birth rate

The number of births per 1,000 individuals per year.

crude death rate

The number of deaths per 1000 individuals per year.

total fertility rate

An estimate of the average number of children that each woman in a population will bear throughout her childbearing years

replacement fertility rate

The total fertility rate required to offset the average number of deaths in a population in order to maintain the current population size.

developed country

A country with relatively high levels of industrialization and income.

devloping countries

A country with relatively low levels of industrialization and income

life expectancy

the average number of years that an infant born in a particular year in a particular country can be expected to live, given the current average life span and death rate in that country

infant moratlity rate

The number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births

childhood mortality rate

The number of deaths of children under age 5 per 1,000 live births.

theory of demographic transition

The theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to industrialization and increased affluence it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth

affluence

the state of having plentiful wealth including the possession of money, goods, or property