DEFINITION OF TERMS

breastmilk

human milk, liquid secretion of the mammary gland.

casein

curd, a group of milk-specific proteins which is one of the chief constituents of cow’s milk and harder to digest in human milk.

colostrum

yellowish thick fluid secreted by the breast which is rich in protein

colostrum

contains antibodies and facilitates the passage of meconium

foremilk

first drops of milk obtained at the onset of suckling or expression which causes contains more protein and less fats

hindmilk

last drops of milk during nursing period

hindmilk

the end of the feeding and is usually high in fat and probably controls appetite

mature milk

the final and the longest lasting stage of breast milk maturity.

water

is the largest component of mature milk.

fat

is the second largest factor

0.8-0.9%

protein is about ___ of breastmilk

taurine

an amino acid found in high concentrations in human milk and is virtually absent in cow’s milk.

taurine

it is now being added to some formulas.

taurine

this is needed for early brain development and maturation

lactalbumin

whey is also known as what?

whey

thin watery part of milk remaining when the curds of casein have been removed/clear fluid

whey

which contains water, electrolytes, proteins

galactopoesis

development of milk in the mammary gland and the maintenance of milk secretion or milk production

lactogenesis

initiation of milk secretion or milk production

mammogenesis

growth of mammary gland

exclusive breastfeeding

feeding the infant with only breast milk or human milk or mother’s milk and receives no solid or other liquids

demand feeding

need/request/unrestricted/unscheduled/baby-fed feeding

demand feeding

feeding the baby whenever he wants to and for as long as he wants from birth.

10 to 12

how many feedings a day

prelacteal feeding

feeding of milk formula, glucose water, ampalaya juice, diluted honey before the mother’s milk comes in

rooming in

the practice of placing both mother and infant together in a room for 24 hours

hoffman’s technique

an exercise to improve nipple protractility or for correct inversion

let-down reflex

also known as oxytocin reflex or ejection reflex

let-down reflex

initiated by the suckling of the infant at the breast which triggers the pituitary gland to release oxytocin into the bloodstream

oxytocin

causes the myoepithelial cells to contract and eject the milk from the collecting ductile

oxytocin

hormone responsible for milk ejection

prolactin

hormone responsible for milk production or milk secretion

induced lactation

refers to the initiation of lactation in a woman who is not pregnant or nulliparous /nonpuerperal but has a genuine interest to nurture her adopted baby by breastfeeding her

induced lactation

also known as breastfeeding w/o pregnancy

relactation

process of re-establishing adequate milk production in a mother who has greatly reduced milk supply or has stopped breastfeeding for days, months, or even years.

galactogogue

is a substance that promotes lactation in humans and other animals

mother-baby friendly hospital initiative

a program transforming hospitals with maternity and newborn services into facilities which fully protect, promote, support breastfeeding and rooming-in practices

• E.O. No. 51

• R.A. 7600

• E.O. No. 115

3 laws related to breastfeeding program

E.O. No. 51

known as milk code

E.O. No. 51

a law which protects, promotes and supports breastfeeding to ensure the safe and adequate nutrition of infants

R.A. 7600

otherwise known as the rooming-in and breastfeeding act of 1992

R.A. 7600

an act of providing incentives to all government and private health intuitions with rooming-in and breastfeeding practices and for other purposes

E.O. No. 115

safe motherhood program of the department of health

• health care facility

• health care providers

2 milk code provisions targets

wet nursing or cross-nursing

feeding an infant by one who is not his mother

wet nurse

good health/infection-free/taking no medication

wet nurse

well nourished/without general or local infection

• mammogenesis

• lactogenesis

• galactogenesis

hormonal control of lactation can be described into 3 basic headings

mammogenesis

mammary growth

lactogenesis

initiation of milk secretion

galactogenesis

maintenance of established milk secretion

• prolactin

• oxytocin

adequate milk production depends on two main factors

prolactin

hormone release from the anterior pituitary gland

oxytocin

hormone release from the posterior pituitary gland

• let-down reflex

• supply-demand response

2 important mechanics in milk production

milk

is produced as a result of the action of hormones and reflexes

• hepa b, hiv/aids

• inborn error of metabolism
  - galactosemia
  - maple syrup
  - phyuelketonuria

absolute contraindication to breastfeeding