Cardio Drug Quiz #1

Atenolol

Brand name: Tenormin

Indication: hypertension

Class: beta-blocker, beta-1-selective

Dose: 50-100 mg PO daily

BBW: Cessation of Therapy (abrupt discontinuation can worsen cardiac conditions)

MA: Inhibits beta-1-adrenoceptors in the heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release)

Benazepril

Brand name: Lotensin

Indication: hypertension

Class: ACE inhibitor

Dose: 10-40 mg PO daily

BBW: fetal toxicity

MA: inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Carvedilol

Brand name: coreg, coreg CR

Indication: hypertension, HF with reduced ejection fraction

Class: beta-blocker with alpha blocking activity

Dose: IR: 3.125 -25 mg PO BID, ER: 20 - 80 mg PO daily

MA: inhibits beta-1-adrenergic receptors in heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release), inhibits beta-2-adrenoceptors, inhibits alpha 1 adrenoreceptors in Blood vessels (decreases peripheral vascular resistance)

Clonidine

Brand name: catapres

Indication: hypertension

Class: alpha 2 agonist

Dose: 0.2-0.8 mg PO daily, patch: 0.1 -0.3 mg per 25 hr (once every 7 days)

BBW: Epidural use

MA: centrally acting alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist, decreases sympathetic outflow and BP

Enalapril

Brand name: vasotec

Indication: hypertension

Class: ACE inhibitors

Dose: 5-40 mg PO daily

BBW: fetal toxicity

MA: inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Hydralazine

Brand name: apresoline

Indication: hypertension

Class: vasodilator

Dose: 10-50 mg PO QID

MA: direct acting arteriole vasodilator that relaxes smooth muscle cells in resistance arterioles

Labetalol

Brand name: normodyne, trandate

Indication: hypertension

Class: beta blocker with alpha blocking activity

Dose: 100-600 mg PO BID

MA: inhibits beta-1-adrenergic receptors in heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release), inhibits beta-2-adrenoceptors, inhibits alpha 1 adrenoreceptors in Blood vessels (decreases peripheral vascular resistance)

Lisinopril

Brand name: zestril

Indication: hypertension

Class: ACE inhibitors

Dose: 5-40 mg PO daily

BBW: fetal toxicity

MA: inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Losartan

Brand name: cozaar

Indication: hypertension

Class: ARB

Dose: 25 - 50 mg PO daily

BBW: fetal toxicity

MA: Selective antagonist of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R)

Metoprolol succinate

Brand name: toprol-XL

Indication: hypertension, HF with reduced ejection fraction

Class: beta-blocker, beta 1 selective

Dose: 12.5 - 200 mg PO daily

MA: Inhibits beta-1-adrenoceptors in the heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release)

Metoprolol tartrate

Brand name: lopressor

Indication: hypertension

Class: beta-blocker, beta 1 selective

Dose:25 - 200 mg PO BID

MA:Inhibits beta-1-adrenoceptors in the heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release)

Nebivolol

Brand name: bystolic

Indication: hypertension

Class: beta-blocker, beta-1 selective

Dose:5-40 mg PO daily

MA:Inhibits beta-1-adrenoceptors in the heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release)

Propranolol

Brand name: inderal (LA/XL)

Indication: hypertension

Class: beta blocker, non-selective

Dose:80-160 mg PO daily (divided into 1-4 doses based on formulation)

MA:Inhibits beta-1-adrenoceptors in the heart (preventing NE from increasing HR and BP) and Kidney (preventing NE from increasing renin release), also inhibits beta 2 adrenoceptors

Ramipril

Brand name: altace

Indication: hypertension

Class: ACE inhibitors

Dose:2.5 -20 mg daily in 1-2 doses

BBW: Fetal toxicity

MA:  inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Valsartan

Brand name: diovan

Indication: hypertension

Class: ARB

Dose: 80-320 mg PO daily

BBW: Fetal toxicity

MA: Selective antagonist of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R)