Imperialism and the Progressive Era

What was the 19th amendment?

Universal suffrage for women

What is the National Women’s Suffrage Association? (NWSA)

• Association fighting for national change to gain women voting rights

• Introduces the 19th amendment

• Led by Susan B. Anthony

What is the American Women’s Suffrage Association? (AWSA)

• Association fighting for state by state change to gain women voting rights (initially seems more effective)

• Western states are typically more likely to give women the right to vote

• Led by Lucy Stone

What did the two women’s suffrage groups combine to form?

The National American Women’s Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

Who is Carrie Chapman Catt?

President of NAWSA who recruited wealthy members

Who is Alice Paul?

• Women’s suffrage advocate

• Pivoted towards a national amendment/more militant

• Founder of the National Women’s Party with Lucy Burns

• Organized a suffrage march the day before Wilson’s inauguration that resulted in riots

• Sabotaged non-supporters

• Drafted the Equal Rights Amendment (which never passed)

Define industrialism

To produce more things through mechanical processes such as factories.

Define social darwinism

Idea that the wealthy have worked the hardest and are therefore the wealthiest, but they have a moral obligation to give back to the poor.

Define American exceptionalism

America as a country is inherently different or better than other countries.

What is Roosevelt’s Big Stick Diplomacy?

• Threats instead of actual use of power

• U.S. intervention to keep peace in the Western Hemisphere

• Wants to show off U.S. naval power

What is Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy?

• Wants to make countries dependent on the U.S. by heavily investing in their economies, then pressuring them to adopt our democratic structures.

• Wants to control Chinese railroads

• Encouraged investment in Latin American countries like Honduras and Haiti.

What is Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy?

• Critic of imperialism and the other presidents policies

• Based on morality: give support to countries who have similar values to America

• Wants to place an economic strain on undemocratic countries to shift their values

• Gets America more involved in the Latin American sphere of influence.

What is open door policy?

Policy that allowed many nations into China for trade that appealed to their own benefit, while China had a small reward of taxes and tariffs on their goods. Though a long lasting foreign policy, it was rejected by the Chinese people and ultimately did not work.

What is the Nanking Treaty?

Treaty that closed off China to trade during the opium wars.

What is the Open Door Note?

Statement that provided that all nations, including the U.S., should be allowed reciprocal free access to any Chinese port or commercial market, but the Chinese government should be allowed to collect trade-related taxes and tariffs. Also stated that none of the powers can have a sphere of influence in China and they should be allowed to avoid paying harbor or railroad fees. This was at the same time of the Chinese Exclusion Act which was incredibly hypocritical.

What is the Boxer Rebellion?

Uprising in China against foreign religion, politics, and trade.

Describe the Annexation of Hawaii

Hawaiian people were in favor of becoming part of the U.S. because their economy boomed when they sold their sugar to the US. This ended when a law was set in place to tax foreign sugar. A queen rose to power in Hawaii who wanted to end foreign influence and not become a part of America, but the people of Hawaii wanted to join the US, and overthrew her. This was successful, and Hawaii became apart of America.

What was the Teller Amendment?

Amendment that said the United States did not want to make Cuba a colony (they wanted to make Cuba a colony).

Describe the battle of San Juan (San Juan Hill & buffalo soldiers)

African American troops (buffalo soldiers) won the battle, but Roosevelt and the rough riders got credit.

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Paris and the Platt Amendment?

United States takes control of Cuba, and the treaty does not allow foreign powers in Cuba for military purposes. (Includes the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico)

Describe the effects of the destruction of the USS Maine

People blamed Spanish forces and wanted to retaliate. Because of this conflict, Cuba became a U.S. territory

Describe the creation of the Panama Canal and the Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty

France tried to cut through terrain to create a canal which was extremely unsuccessful. It cost a lot of money and many people died. The US took up where France left off, and raised water levels instead of digging. This worked extremely well, and the treaty gave America exclusive and permanent possession of the Panama Canal Zone.

What is the anti-imperialist league?

League against militarization and the creation of an overseas American Empire

What is the Great White Fleet?

Battleships Roosevelt makes to display the power of the US

What is the Roosevelt Corollary?

Made the US a foreign influence superpower and decreases tension between America and Latin America